Question 1

Green vegetables are good source of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vit. A Green leafy vegetables are rich in beta-carotene (provitamin A), which the body converts to vitamin A and is important for vision, immunity, and epithelial health. While these vegetables can also provide vitamin C and minerals, vitamin A (via carotenoids) is classically emphasized as their key nutrient. “Carbohydrate” is not a defining nutrient for leafy greens compared with their micronutrient density.
Category reason: This question tests dietary sources of nutrients/vitamins, which is a core topic in Nutrition rather than nursing interventions or patient-care decision-making.

Question 2

Question: Vitamin B12 is known as?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Cobalamin Vitamin B12 is chemically known as cobalamin, named for its cobalt-containing structure. In contrast, folic acid is vitamin B9, thiamin is vitamin B1, and pyridoxine is vitamin B6. Therefore, the correct identification of vitamin B12 is cobalamin.
Category reason: This question tests factual knowledge of vitamin nomenclature (B12 and its chemical name), which is part of nutritional science rather than a nursing care decision.

Question 3

Folic acid is commonly given to?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Pregnant women Folic acid supplementation is routinely recommended in pregnancy (and preconception) to prevent neural tube defects in the developing fetus. It supports DNA synthesis and rapid cell division, which are increased during pregnancy. It is not a standard treatment for cough, fever, or hypertension, so those options are not commonly indicated.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of a vitamin supplement indication in pregnancy, which is a nutrition-related foundational science concept rather than a nursing care prioritization scenario.

Question 4

Scurvy disease is caused by a deficiency of which vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitamin C Scurvy results from deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which is required for hydroxylation steps in collagen synthesis. Impaired collagen leads to bleeding gums, petechiae/ecchymoses, poor wound healing, and corkscrew hairs. Vitamin C also supports iron absorption and connective tissue integrity, explaining anemia and fragility seen in scurvy.
Category reason: This is a foundational question about a nutrient deficiency and its associated disease, which fits best under Nutrition rather than nursing care decision-making.

Question 5

Cyanocobalamin is the Chemical name of which Vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitmain B12 Cyanocobalamin is a cobalamin compound and is the common supplemental/pharmaceutical form of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is essential for DNA synthesis and red blood cell maturation; deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia and neurologic symptoms. The other listed B vitamins have different chemical names (e.g., thiamine for B1, riboflavin for B2, pyridoxine for B6).
Category reason: This question tests recognition of a vitamin’s chemical name, which is a foundational nutrition concept rather than a nursing care/intervention decision.

Question 6

The nurse would instruct the client to eat which of the following foods to obtain the best supply of vitamin B12?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Meats and dairy products Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is found naturally in animal-derived foods, making meat, fish, eggs, and dairy the best dietary sources. Whole grains and most vegetables (including leafy greens, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts) do not provide meaningful B12 unless fortified. Therefore, selecting meats and dairy products best ensures adequate vitamin B12 intake and helps prevent deficiency-related megaloblastic anemia and neurologic complications.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of dietary sources of a vitamin, which is a foundational nutrition concept rather than a nursing judgment or safety/intervention decision.

Question 7

Glossitis is the deficiency of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitamin B Glossitis (inflamed, sore, smooth “beefy red” tongue) is classically associated with B-vitamin deficiencies, especially riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), folate (B9), and cobalamin (B12). These vitamins are essential for normal mucosal integrity and epithelial cell turnover, so deficiency leads to atrophy and inflammation of the tongue papillae. While other vitamins can cause oral changes (e.g., vitamin C causes bleeding gums), the best match for glossitis is vitamin B deficiency.
Category reason: This item tests a nutritional deficiency–manifestation association (which vitamin deficiency causes glossitis), a foundational biomedical knowledge topic rather than a nursing care decision, so it fits NursingScience under Nutrition.

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a body mass index (BMI) of 32. The nurse is aware this BMI means the client is in which of the following categories?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Obese A BMI of 32 falls within the obesity range (≥30 kg/m²). “Overweight” is defined as a BMI of 25.0–29.9, while “healthy” (normal weight) is 18.5–24.9 and “underweight” is

Question 9

Which of the following vitamins is fat-soluble?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: D Vitamin D is one of the fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K), meaning it is absorbed with dietary fat and stored in body tissues. In contrast, B6 and B12 are water-soluble B vitamins and are not stored to the same extent. Because fat-soluble vitamins can accumulate, excessive supplementation can increase toxicity risk compared with water-soluble vitamins.
Category reason: This question tests foundational knowledge about vitamin classification (fat- vs water-soluble), which is a core concept in Nutrition rather than a nursing judgment/intervention scenario.

Question 10

Which is Bodybuilding Food?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Protein Proteins are considered “bodybuilding” foods because they provide amino acids needed for growth, tissue repair, and maintenance of muscle mass. Carbohydrates and fats are primarily energy-giving nutrients, while vitamins are protective/regulatory and do not build body tissues directly. Therefore, protein best matches the concept of bodybuilding food.
Category reason: This question tests basic nutrient functions (bodybuilding vs energy-giving vs protective), which is a core concept in Nutrition rather than a patient-care decision.

Question 11

Deficiency of Vitamin A causes:

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Night blindness Vitamin A is required to form retinal (11-cis-retinal) in rhodopsin, a key pigment for vision in low light. Deficiency impairs dark adaptation, leading to night blindness (nyctalopia) and can progress to xerophthalmia/keratomalacia. The other options correspond to different vitamin deficiencies: scurvy (vitamin C), rickets (vitamin D), pellagra (niacin, B3).
Category reason: This question tests the clinical consequence of a specific micronutrient deficiency, which is primarily covered under Nutrition and foundational biomedical knowledge rather than nursing care decision-making.

Question 12

Which vitamin promotes bone and tooth formation?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitamin D. Vitamin D promotes bone and tooth formation primarily by increasing intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate, which are required for mineralization of the bone matrix. Deficiency leads to impaired mineralization (rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults) and can contribute to poor dental mineralization. While vitamin C supports collagen synthesis, it does not drive calcium/phosphate absorption the way vitamin D does.
Category reason: This is a foundational nutrition/vitamin function question focused on how a vitamin supports bone and tooth formation, which is tested under Nutrition rather than nursing decision-making.

Question 13

Night blindness is caused due to the deficiencies of ____.?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: vitamin A Vitamin A (retinol) is required to form rhodopsin in rod cells, which mediates vision in dim light. Deficiency impairs rod function, producing nyctalopia (night blindness) and can progress to xerophthalmia/keratomalacia. Vitamins B, C, and E are not the classic cause of night blindness.
Category reason: This tests a nutrient deficiency and its clinical manifestation, which is primarily covered under Nutrition in Nursing Science rather than nursing intervention decision-making.

Question 14

Vitamin B6 is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Pyridoxine Vitamin B6 is known as pyridoxine; it functions as a coenzyme (PLP) in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and heme formation. Thiamin is vitamin B1, riboflavin is vitamin B2, and cobalamin is vitamin B12. Therefore, pyridoxine is the correct identification of vitamin B6.
Category reason: This is a factual question about vitamin nomenclature and nutrient identity, which is part of Nutrition (foundational nursing science knowledge).

Question 15

Marasmus is due to?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Energy deficiency only Marasmus results from overall calorie (energy) deficiency leading to severe wasting with loss of subcutaneous fat and muscle. In contrast, kwashiorkor is primarily due to protein deficiency (often with relatively adequate calories) and is associated with edema and fatty liver. While marasmus can involve some protein deficit, the defining cause is inadequate total energy intake compared with needs.
Category reason: This question tests the nutritional etiology of a malnutrition syndrome (marasmus vs kwashiorkor), which is foundational biomedical knowledge within Nutrition rather than a nursing-intervention scenario.

Question 16

True or False: Patients with celiac disease should avoid rice and corn.?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: False Rice and corn are naturally gluten-free grains and are generally safe for individuals with celiac disease. Celiac disease requires strict avoidance of gluten-containing grains such as wheat, barley, and rye (and typically non-certified oats due to cross-contamination). The key dietary risk with rice/corn is contamination during processing, so patients should choose certified gluten-free products when needed. Therefore the statement that they should avoid rice and corn is incorrect.
Category reason: This question tests dietary knowledge about which grains contain gluten and what foods are appropriate in celiac disease, which fits the Nutrition subject area rather than a nursing intervention/prioritization scenario.

Question 17

Energy giving foods are?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are the body’s primary and preferred source of immediate energy, being rapidly broken down to glucose for ATP production. While fats also provide energy, they are more energy-dense and typically used for longer-term energy storage rather than quick energy needs. Proteins are mainly used for growth, repair, and maintenance and are not the preferred routine energy source. Minerals do not provide calories and therefore do not give energy.
Category reason: This item tests basic nutrition concepts about macronutrients and their role in energy provision, which falls under Nutrition.

Question 18

Scientific name of vitamin D is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Calciferol Vitamin D refers to a group of fat-soluble secosteroids, primarily vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), collectively referred to as calciferol. Cobalamin is vitamin B12 and pyridoxine is vitamin B6, so those options are incorrect. Therefore, the scientific name of vitamin D is best matched by calciferol.
Category reason: This question tests identification of a vitamin’s scientific/chemical name, which is a foundational nutrition concept rather than a nursing care decision.

Question 19

A good source of Vitamin A is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Carrot Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, a provitamin A carotenoid that the body converts to retinol (active vitamin A). This makes carrots a well-known dietary source for supporting vision, epithelial integrity, and immune function. The other listed foods contain much lower amounts of provitamin A compared with carrots.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of dietary sources of a vitamin, which is a core topic in Nutrition rather than patient-care decision-making.

Question 20

Vitamin deficiency associated with Pityriasis rubra pilaris –

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vit A Pityriasis rubra pilaris is a disorder of keratinization, and vitamin A is central to normal epidermal differentiation and keratin regulation. Deficiency of vitamin A is classically linked with follicular hyperkeratosis and xerosis, fitting the pathophysiologic theme of PRP. Therefore, among the listed vitamins, vitamin A deficiency is the best association.
Category reason: This item tests knowledge of vitamin (nutrient) deficiency associations with a dermatologic condition, which is primarily covered under Nutrition rather than nursing interventions or prioritization.

Question 21

Which mineral is most important for strong bones and teeth?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Calcium Calcium is the primary mineral deposited in bone and teeth as hydroxyapatite, providing hardness and structural strength. Adequate calcium intake supports bone mineral density and helps prevent osteopenia/osteoporosis over time. Iron is mainly required for hemoglobin and oxygen transport, while potassium and sodium primarily regulate fluid balance and neuromuscular function rather than bone/tooth mineralization.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of a key dietary mineral needed for building and maintaining bones and teeth, which is primarily a Nutrition topic rather than a nursing care decision.

Question 22

Which disease is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Scurvy Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency causes scurvy due to impaired collagen synthesis, leading to bleeding gums, petechiae, poor wound healing, and anemia. Rickets is due to vitamin D deficiency, beriberi is due to thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency, and goitre is most commonly due to iodine deficiency. Therefore, the condition specifically linked to vitamin C deficiency is scurvy.
Category reason: This is a foundational question about nutrient (vitamin) deficiency diseases, which is primarily covered under Nutrition rather than nursing interventions or clinical decision-making.

Question 23

Kwashiorkor and Marasmus are caused due to deficiency of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Proteins Kwashiorkor is classically due to severe protein deficiency (often with relatively adequate calories), leading to edema, fatty liver, and skin/hair changes. Marasmus is severe energy deficiency with loss of muscle and fat, but protein deficiency is also present as part of overall macronutrient deprivation. Among the given choices, protein deficiency best explains the shared etiology of these protein-energy malnutrition syndromes.
Category reason: This item tests the nutrient deficiency responsible for classic malnutrition syndromes, which is a core concept in Nutrition rather than nursing intervention or prioritization.

Question 24

Cobalamin is the Scientific name of which vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Cobalamin Cobalamin is the chemical/scientific name for vitamin B12. Calciferol refers to vitamin D, and pyridoxine refers to vitamin B6, so those options are incorrect. Therefore, the option labeled “Cobalamin” best matches the question asking which vitamin is known scientifically as cobalamin.
Category reason: This item tests knowledge of vitamin nomenclature (scientific names of vitamins), which is foundational nutrition content rather than a nursing care decision.

Question 25

Vitamins helps in wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitamins C Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis (hydroxylation of proline and lysine), which is critical for formation of granulation tissue and tensile strength in healing wounds. Deficiency leads to impaired wound healing and bleeding tendencies (scurvy). While vitamins A and K have roles in epithelial integrity and coagulation respectively, vitamin C is the most directly linked to wound healing via collagen production.
Category reason: This is a foundational question about which nutrient supports wound healing through collagen formation, which is primarily covered under Nutrition.

Question 26

Which deficiency is primarily responsible for Kwashiorkor?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Protein deficiency Kwashiorkor is caused by inadequate dietary protein intake, leading to hypoalbuminemia and decreased plasma oncotic pressure. This promotes generalized edema, classically with a distended abdomen, along with fatty liver due to impaired lipoprotein synthesis. Iron loss causes anemia, fat deficiency causes essential fatty acid/vitamin issues, and vitamin B12 deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia and neurologic findings rather than the edema-dominant picture.
Category reason: This item tests the nutritional deficiency underlying a malnutrition syndrome (kwashiorkor), which is primarily a Nutrition topic rather than a nursing intervention or prioritization question.

Question 27

Deficiency of Vitamin C leads to which disease?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitamin C is required for collagen synthesis; deficiency causes fragile capillaries and impaired connective tissue integrity. This leads to bleeding gums, petechiae/ecchymoses, poor wound healing, and corkscrew hairs typical of scurvy. The other options correspond to deficiencies of different vitamins: rickets (vitamin D), pellagra (niacin/B3), and beriberi (thiamine/B1).
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of nutrient deficiencies and their associated clinical diseases, which is primarily covered under Nutrition.

Question 28

Which vitamin deficiency causes Wernicke's encephalopathy?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Thiamine deficiency impairs carbohydrate metabolism and neuronal energy production, leading to acute neurologic dysfunction. Wernicke encephalopathy classically presents with confusion, ophthalmoplegia/nystagmus, and ataxia, most often in chronic alcohol use or severe malnutrition. Prompt thiamine replacement is critical and should be given before glucose to avoid worsening neurologic injury.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of a specific vitamin deficiency and its classic neurologic syndrome, which is a foundational nutrition concept rather than a nursing management decision.

Question 29

Vegetarian diet risks deficiencies in?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vegetarian diets (especially vegan patterns) can be low in vitamin B12 because reliable sources are primarily animal-derived, so supplementation or fortified foods are often needed. Calcium intake may be reduced if dairy is limited/avoided, and plant sources can have lower bioavailability due to oxalates/phytates. Vitamin D deficiency risk increases when dietary sources like fatty fish/fortified dairy are absent and sun exposure is inadequate, making fortified foods or supplements important.
Category reason: This question tests nutrient deficiency risks associated with a dietary pattern, which is a foundational topic in Nutrition rather than nursing-care decision-making.

Question 30

Which of the following has the highest glycemic index?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Dextrose (glucose) is the reference carbohydrate used to define glycemic index and is assigned a value of 100, making it the highest among typical dietary options. Foods like bread generally have a lower GI than pure glucose because of processing, fiber/protein content, and mixed nutrients slowing absorption. Ice cream has fat and protein that slow gastric emptying and reduce glycemic response. Cucumber is very low in carbohydrate and has a minimal glycemic effect.
Category reason: This question tests understanding of glycemic index and carbohydrate absorption effects, which is a core topic within Nutrition rather than a nursing intervention or prioritization scenario.

Question 31

All of the following are nutrients found in egg except?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Eggs are a food source containing macronutrients (notably protein and some fat) and micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals. They may contain very small amounts of carbohydrate but still fit the definition of a nutrient component present in foods. Plasma is the liquid component of blood and is not a nutrient category found as a constituent of eggs in nutrition labeling or dietary classification. Therefore, it is the exception among the listed choices.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of food composition and nutrient categories in a common dietary item (egg), which falls under Nutrition rather than nursing care decision-making.

Question 32

The chemical score of gelatine is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Gelatin is an incomplete protein derived from collagen and is deficient in essential amino acids (notably tryptophan), which markedly lowers its chemical score when compared with a reference protein pattern. Chemical score reflects the limiting essential amino acid relative to requirements, so proteins missing key essential amino acids score poorly. Among the provided numeric options, this value best matches the commonly taught chemical score for gelatin in nutrition/food science MCQs.
Category reason: This question tests protein quality assessment (chemical score) in human dietetics, which is a core topic in Nutrition rather than nursing care decision-making.

Question 33

A person who is suffering from high blood pressure should cut down on ________?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Excess dietary sodium increases extracellular fluid volume and can raise blood pressure through water retention and increased vascular resistance. Reducing sodium intake is a core nonpharmacologic measure for hypertension management (e.g., DASH-style eating pattern). In contrast, adequate potassium intake is generally associated with lower blood pressure in many patients unless contraindicated (e.g., advanced kidney disease).
Category reason: The question tests a diet-related factor that influences blood pressure control, which is primarily taught under Nutrition rather than nursing prioritization or clinical action planning.

Question 34

Deficiency of vitamin -----------can affect your sleep?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with sleep disorders and poorer sleep quality in observational studies. Vitamin D receptors are present in brain regions involved in sleep regulation, and low levels may contribute to dysregulated sleep-wake pathways and increased inflammation. In contrast, classic deficiencies of vitamins A and C do not primarily present with sleep disturbance, and “vitamin B” is nonspecific (different B vitamins have different deficiency syndromes) and is less directly linked as a single entity to sleep problems than vitamin D in common clinical teaching.
Category reason: This is a foundational question about how a nutrient deficiency can influence a body function (sleep), which falls under Nutrition rather than nursing interventions or patient-care decision-making.

Question 35

Wet beri-beri is characterised by involvement of-?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Wet beriberi is due to thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency predominantly affecting the cardiovascular system. It classically presents with high-output heart failure, tachycardia, cardiomegaly, and peripheral edema from fluid retention and vasodilation. In contrast, dry beriberi primarily involves peripheral neuropathy and neurologic deficits.
Category reason: This question tests a vitamin-deficiency disorder and its characteristic clinical system involvement, which is core content in Nutrition.

Question 36

Which vitamin is also called calciferol?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Calciferol refers to vitamin D (including D2 ergocalciferol and D3 cholecalciferol), a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for calcium and phosphate homeostasis. It increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate and supports bone mineralization. Deficiency commonly leads to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of vitamin nomenclature and basic nutrition science rather than clinical nursing actions or patient-care decision-making.

Question 37

Deficiency of calcium causes

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: In children, inadequate calcium intake (often alongside vitamin D deficiency) impairs bone mineralization at the growth plates, leading to soft, weak bones and skeletal deformities. This manifests clinically as bone pain, delayed growth, and characteristic bowing of the legs or other deformities. Anemia is most commonly related to iron, B12, or folate deficiencies; marasmus is due to overall calorie/protein-energy deficiency; gout is due to hyperuricemia with urate crystal deposition rather than low calcium.
Category reason: This question tests a nutritional deficiency disease (effects of low calcium on bone mineralization), which fits best under Nutrition rather than nursing care decision-making.

Question 38

Kwashiorkor is caused due to deficiency of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Kwashiorkor is primarily a severe dietary protein deficiency, often occurring when caloric intake may be relatively adequate but protein intake is insufficient. Low protein leads to decreased albumin synthesis, reducing plasma oncotic pressure and causing edema, a hallmark feature. It also contributes to fatty liver, poor wound healing, impaired immunity, and growth failure in children.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of a nutrition-related deficiency disease and the specific macronutrient lacking, which falls under Nutrition.

Question 39

Vitamin A deficiency leads to...

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitamin A is required to form rhodopsin in retinal rods, which are essential for vision in dim light; deficiency therefore first presents as impaired dark adaptation (nyctalopia). With more severe or prolonged deficiency, ocular surface changes can progress to xerophthalmia and keratomalacia. Anemia and primary neurological disorders are not the classic hallmark manifestations of vitamin A deficiency compared with visual symptoms.
Category reason: This question tests the effects of a vitamin deficiency and its classic clinical manifestation, which is a core topic in Nutrition.

Question 40

Which nutrient is not a source of energy?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) provide calories and can be metabolized to produce ATP. Vitamins are micronutrients that function mainly as coenzymes or regulatory factors in metabolic pathways but do not supply calories. Therefore, they are not considered an energy source.
Category reason: This question tests which nutrients provide energy (calories) versus those that support metabolism without providing energy, which is a core concept in Nutrition.

Question 41

Feeding colostrum to new-born is essential because-(GMCH 2022)?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Colostrum is the first milk and provides concentrated nutrition along with immunologic protection, especially secretory IgA, leukocytes, and other anti-infective factors. These components help protect the newborn’s mucosal surfaces and reduce risk of early infections while the infant’s immune system is still immature. It also supports gut maturation and establishment of healthy microbiota, which further contributes to neonatal defense and nutrition.
Category reason: This question tests the composition and health benefits of colostrum as a food for newborns, which is primarily a nutrition topic rather than a nursing intervention/prioritization scenario.

Question 42

The amount of protein intake to be maintained during renal failure is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Renal failure commonly requires protein restriction to reduce uremic toxin (nitrogenous waste) production while still preventing protein-energy wasting. Typical conservative (non-dialysis) renal diets target roughly 0.6–0.8 g/kg/day, which corresponds to about 40–60 g/day for many adults. Higher intakes are usually reserved for patients receiving dialysis due to ongoing amino acid losses, whereas very low intakes risk malnutrition.
Category reason: This item tests recommended dietary protein amounts in a disease state, which is primarily a nutrition/diet-therapy knowledge question rather than a nursing action or prioritization scenario.

Question 43

Carnivore diet risks deficiencies in?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: A strict carnivore diet eliminates or severely limits fruits, vegetables, legumes, and many fortified grains, which are primary sources of vitamin C and folate. It can also reduce intake of vitamin E, which is abundant in plant oils, nuts, and seeds that are typically excluded. Over time, inadequate intake increases risk of clinical deficiency states (e.g., impaired collagen synthesis from low vitamin C; megaloblastic anemia from low folate) unless carefully supplemented.
Category reason: This question tests nutrient sources and deficiency risk associated with a specific diet pattern, which falls under Nutrition rather than nursing interventions or prioritization.

Question 44

Carrots are good sourse of__________?.?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, a provitamin carotenoid that the body converts to retinol. Vitamin A is essential for normal vision (especially night vision), epithelial integrity, and immune function. Therefore, foods high in beta-carotene are considered good dietary sources of vitamin A activity.
Category reason: This question tests dietary nutrient sources (which foods provide specific vitamins), a core topic in Nutrition rather than nursing care decision-making.

Question 45

It facilitate the absorption of iron by reducing it to ferrous state in the stomach and it's deficiency result in scurvy:

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: a- vit C Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) enhances non-heme iron absorption by reducing ferric (Fe3+) to ferrous (Fe2+) iron and forming soluble complexes in the acidic stomach environment. Deficiency of this vitamin impairs collagen synthesis, leading to scurvy with findings such as bleeding gums, petechiae, and poor wound healing. The other listed vitamins do not have this primary role in iron reduction/absorption and do not cause scurvy when deficient.
Category reason: This question tests a vitamin’s biochemical role in iron absorption and the deficiency disease scurvy, which are core nutrition concepts rather than nursing interventions or prioritization.

Question 46

Among the given nutrients, milk is a poor source of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Milk provides substantial calcium and a moderate amount of protein, and it also contains carbohydrates primarily as lactose. Vitamin C is heat- and storage-labile and is naturally low in cow’s milk, so it does not contribute meaningfully to daily ascorbic acid needs. Therefore, relying on milk alone would not prevent vitamin C deficiency and other dietary sources (fruits/vegetables) are needed.
Category reason: This question tests knowledge of nutrient composition of a common food item, which is a foundational concept in Nutrition rather than a nursing care decision.

Question 47

Severe acute malnutrition is an example of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Severe acute malnutrition reflects acute, recent weight loss and low weight-for-height due to inadequate intake or illness, which defines wasting. Stunting refers to chronic malnutrition leading to low height-for-age. Underweight is low weight-for-age and can result from either stunting or wasting, making it less specific for acute severe malnutrition. Overnutrition is excess energy intake and is the opposite condition.
Category reason: This question tests classification of malnutrition states (wasting vs stunting/underweight), which is a core concept in Nutrition.

Question 48

Vitamin E is also known as?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vitamin E refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds, with tocopherols being the principal biologically active forms in humans. The other options are names of different vitamins: retinoic acid is related to vitamin A, pantothenic acid is vitamin B5, and calciferol refers to vitamin D. Therefore, the correct synonym for vitamin E is tocopherol.
Category reason: This is a foundational question about vitamin nomenclature and classification, which is primarily covered under Nutrition.

Question 49

100 gram soyabean contains-

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Standard food-composition tables report that soybeans provide roughly 24–36 g protein per 100 g depending on whether values refer to raw/dry vs cooked/boiled forms; the commonly taught figure for 100 g soybeans in many nursing/nutrition MCQs is about 24 g. The other choices are either too low for soybeans (a legume known for high protein density) or unrealistically high for 100 g edible portion. Therefore the best match among the provided options is 24.3 g.
Category reason: This item tests recall of the nutrient (protein) content of a food per 100 g serving, which is a core topic in Nutrition rather than nursing care decision-making.

Question 50

The primary role of selenium in human nutrition is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Selenium is an essential trace element incorporated into selenoproteins, most notably glutathione peroxidase, which helps reduce hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides. This antioxidant activity protects cell membranes and tissues from oxidative damage. Other listed functions are primarily associated with different nutrients (e.g., vitamin C/copper for connective tissue, vitamin K for clotting, vitamin A for vision).
Category reason: This item tests the nutritional/biochemical role of a trace mineral (selenium) in the body rather than a nursing intervention or clinical decision, so it fits the Nutrition subject area.

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