Question 1

All of the following are non-modifiable risk factors for coronary heart disease except?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Elevated blood pressure is a modifiable risk factor because it can be improved with lifestyle measures (dietary sodium reduction, weight loss, exercise, limiting alcohol) and antihypertensive medications. Treating hypertension reduces endothelial injury and atherosclerotic progression, lowering coronary heart disease risk. In contrast, family history reflects genetic and shared environmental influences and cannot be altered, only risk-mitigated through prevention strategies.

Question 2

Which hereditary disease is most closely linked to an aneurysm?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Aneurysm risk is strongly associated with inherited connective tissue defects that weaken the arterial media and elastic fibers, predisposing to progressive dilation and dissection. Marfan syndrome (fibrillin-1 mutation) causes cystic medial degeneration of the aorta, classically leading to ascending aortic aneurysm and dissection. The other options do not primarily cause inherited structural weakness of the aortic wall: cystic fibrosis affects exocrine glands, lupus is an autoimmune disease (not a classic hereditary aneurysm syndrome), and myocardial infarction is an acquired ischemic event rather than a hereditary connective tissue disorder. Thus the strongest hereditary link to aneurysm among the choices is Marfan syndrome.

Question 3

To calculate cardiac output, heart rate is multiplied with?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The multiplier therefore must be the amount of blood ejected with each contraction. Multiplying by pressures would not yield a flow value and pressures are influenced by vascular resistance and compliance rather than directly representing pump output. Total circulatory volume reflects overall blood volume in the body and does not determine per-minute ventricular flow without considering contractility and loading conditions.

Question 4

The sensation of pain that is described most commonly by the patients with angina is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This quality reflects diffuse visceral afferent signaling from the heart and is often accompanied by radiation to the jaw/arm and autonomic symptoms. “Sharp” or “knifelike” pain is more typical of pleuritic, musculoskeletal, or pericardial etiologies and is less characteristic of stable angina. “Tearing” pain raises concern for aortic dissection rather than myocardial ischemia, making it an important but different emergency descriptor.

Question 5

Normal systolic pressure:

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: A systolic value near 120 mmHg reflects adequate cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance in a resting adult. Values like 60 or 80 mmHg would be abnormally low for systolic pressure and suggest hypotension/shock rather than normal physiology. A value of 200 mmHg is markedly elevated and consistent with severe hypertension, not normal.

Question 6

Which organ is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The organ that contracts rhythmically to propel blood to the lungs and then to systemic tissues is the heart. Lungs primarily perform gas exchange rather than generating circulatory flow, while liver and kidneys have metabolic and filtration roles. Therefore, the pumping function is correctly attributed to the heart.

Question 7

Donated blood is taken from?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Arterial puncture carries higher pressure and greater risk of hematoma, arterial spasm, and compromised distal perfusion, so it is avoided for routine donation. Capillaries cannot provide the required volume, and sampling from them is limited to small tests like glucose checks. Drawing from the heart is an invasive procedure reserved for specific emergencies or procedures, not blood donation.

Question 8

Which muscle is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The myocardium contracts rhythmically to create cardiac output, which delivers oxygen and nutrients and removes metabolic wastes. The biceps and quadriceps are skeletal muscles for limb movement and do not pump blood. The diaphragm is the primary muscle of respiration, facilitating ventilation rather than circulation.

Question 9

Which of the following heart valvular disease shows a systolic click on auscultation?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This finding is most characteristic of mitral valve prolapse, often accompanied by a late systolic murmur that can change with maneuvers that alter preload (e.g., standing). In contrast, aortic and pulmonic stenosis typically create an ejection systolic crescendo–decrescendo murmur rather than an isolated click. Mitral regurgitation usually causes a holosystolic blowing murmur without the classic midsystolic click.

Question 10

The normal mean pulmonary artery pressure is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Mean pressures above ~20 mm Hg (historically) or lower contemporary thresholds suggest pulmonary hypertension, so values in the 20–30 range are not considered normal. This makes 10–15 mm Hg the best match for a normal resting mean PAP among the choices. A common confusion is mixing pulmonary artery systolic/diastolic ranges (about 15–30/4–12) with the mean value, which is lower than systolic and not as high as 15–20 in many exam keys.

Question 11

A murmur is heard at the second left intercostal space along the left sternal border. Which valve area is this?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The second left intercostal space at the left sternal border corresponds to the pulmonic area (pulmonary valve). In contrast, the aortic area is at the second right intercostal space, and the mitral area is at the apex (5th intercostal space, midclavicular line). Therefore the described murmur location best matches the pulmonic valve listening post.

Question 12

In which disease condition a boot shaped heart is seen in chest X-ray?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This pattern is most characteristic of a cyanotic congenital heart disease with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction leading to pressure overload of the right ventricle. The finding aligns best with the anatomic and hemodynamic consequences of the listed condition that includes RV outflow obstruction and RV hypertrophy. In contrast, transposition of the great arteries more typically produces an “egg-on-a-string” appearance rather than a boot-shaped heart.

Question 13

Which of the following is a large blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: They have thick, muscular, elastic walls to withstand and maintain this pressure and to help propel blood forward. Veins, in contrast, carry blood back toward the heart and rely more on valves and skeletal muscle pumping. Capillaries are microscopic exchange vessels, and nerves are not blood vessels.

Question 14

A nurse is reviewing a patient's electrocardiogram(EKG) and notes that the T waves appear inverted. The nurses suspect which of the following as the most likely condition?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Ischemic myocardium alters action potential recovery, producing inverted T waves in the affected leads. Hyperkalemia more typically causes tall, peaked T waves (and later widening of QRS), not inversion. While myocardial infarction can also show T-wave inversion, the more general and most directly linked finding tested here is ischemia rather than confirmed infarction.

Question 15

The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure is called...?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: It reflects stroke volume and arterial compliance, so it widens with increased stroke volume or stiff arteries and narrows with low stroke volume states (e.g., shock). Mean arterial pressure is a weighted average pressure over the cardiac cycle rather than a simple difference. Pulse deficit instead refers to the difference between apical and radial pulse counts, often seen with dysrhythmias.

Question 16

What’s the primary function of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This ensures oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues and removal of carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes. The only option that reflects this physiologic pump function is the one describing moving blood through the circulatory system. The other choices are humorous distractors and do not represent any anatomical or physiologic function of the heart.

Question 17

Which of the following complications is indicated by a third heart sound (S3)?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: ” In adults, this most strongly indicates ventricular volume overload and systolic dysfunction, commonly due to heart failure with chamber enlargement. This finding aligns with dilation (increased end-diastolic volume and reduced contractile reserve) rather than pressure-overload states. A common distractor is increased atrial contraction, which is associated with S4 (late diastole) in a stiff, noncompliant ventricle such as with long-standing hypertension.

Question 18

Which of the following is the function of the cardiac muscles?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This contractile activity underlies cardiac output and maintains tissue perfusion. Breathing is driven mainly by the diaphragm and intercostal skeletal muscles, not cardiac muscle. Blood formation occurs in bone marrow, and digestion is mediated by gastrointestinal smooth muscle and enzymes.

Question 19

Which of the following treatments is the definitive one for a ruptured aneurysm?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason:  A ruptured aneurysm is a life-threatening vascular emergency where definitive management requires rapid control of hemorrhage and exclusion/repair of the ruptured vessel segment. Operative repair (open repair or endovascular stent grafting, depending on location and stability) directly addresses the source of bleeding and prevents exsanguination. Antihypertensives and beta-blockers can be temporizing to reduce shear stress and limit further bleeding but do not repair the rupture. An aortogram is a diagnostic procedure that may help define anatomy for repair, yet it is not a definitive treatment.

Question 20

A nurse is taking care of a patient with DVT and she must be aware that venous emboli will be lodged in?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The pulmonary capillary bed is the first major “filter” encountered, so emboli most commonly lodge in the lungs, causing pulmonary embolism. Systemic organs such as the kidneys and liver are typically affected by arterial emboli originating from the left heart or proximal arteries. While the clot passes through the heart, it usually does not lodge there unless there is an anatomic defect or intracardiac thrombus formation.

Question 21

Which of the following conditions is most closely associated with weight gain, nausea, and a decrease in urine output?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Systemic venous congestion leads to fluid retention, producing rapid weight gain from edema and third spacing. Reduced forward cardiac output and renal hypoperfusion activate RAAS and ADH, further promoting sodium/water retention and manifesting as decreased urine output. Venous congestion of the liver and gastrointestinal tract can cause hepatomegaly, abdominal discomfort, and nausea/anorexia. In contrast, left-sided failure more classically presents with pulmonary congestion (dyspnea, crackles, orthopnea) rather than the prominent systemic fluid retention pattern described here.

Question 22

Which of the following is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the rest of the body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason:  Systemic circulation is driven by the chamber that generates the highest pressure to propel blood through the aorta to all body tissues. The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and ejects it into the aorta during systole. In contrast, the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery, not to the rest of the body. The atria mainly act as receiving chambers and contribute only a small “atrial kick,” not the primary pumping force for systemic flow.

Question 23

Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hypertension risk is strongly influenced by nonmodifiable epidemiologic factors, including race/ethnicity and age, with higher prevalence and earlier onset in African American adults. This makes the African American adult the highest-risk choice even though another option is older. The other ethnic groups listed generally have lower overall hypertension prevalence than African American populations in standard epidemiologic comparisons. Occupation titles here do not add a specific physiologic risk factor that would outweigh the race-associated risk profile.

Question 24

The nurse is teaching a client with cardiac disease about the anatomy and physiology of the heart. Which is the correct pathway of blood flow through the heart?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Blood returns from the systemic circulation to the right atrium, then passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs for oxygenation; oxygenated blood returns via the pulmonary veins to the left atrium. It then moves through the mitral valve into the left ventricle, which ejects blood to the systemic circulation. Choices that place the left ventricle early or swap atria/ventricles conflict with the normal right-heart-to-lungs-to-left-heart sequence.

Question 25

A client is admitted with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following lab values would be consistent with this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Creatine phosphokinase (particularly the CK-MB fraction) rises after myocardial damage and therefore supports the diagnosis in the appropriate clinical context. High serum cholesterol is a long-term risk factor for coronary artery disease but does not confirm an acute infarction. Low albumin and a low WBC count are not characteristic diagnostic markers of acute MI.

Question 26

The nursing care plan for a toddler diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) should be based on the high risk for development of which problem?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The major feared complication is coronary artery dilation progressing to aneurysm formation, which can later thrombose or stenose and cause myocardial ischemia/infarction. Nursing care planning prioritizes monitoring for cardiac involvement (e.g., ECG changes, chest pain/irritability, echocardiography follow-up) and supporting therapies aimed at reducing coronary inflammation and thrombosis risk. The other options describe atherosclerotic plaque disease or typical thromboembolic patterns that are not the hallmark complication in this pediatric vasculitis.

Question 27

The nurse is teaching a client with dysrhythmia about the electrical pathway of an impulse as it travels through the heart. Which of these demonstrates the normal pathway?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The impulse then proceeds through the His-Purkinje system, specifically the bundle of His and into Purkinje fibers, to rapidly depolarize the ventricles in a coordinated manner. Any sequence starting with the AV node or Purkinje fibers is incorrect because these are downstream conduction structures. This ordered pathway explains typical ECG timing (PR interval reflecting AV nodal delay) and why disruptions can produce dysrhythmias.

Question 28

Postoperative orders for a client undergoing a mitral valve replacement include monitoring pulmonary artery pressure together with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure with a pulmonary artery catheter. This action by the nurse will assess?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: After mitral valve surgery, tracking PA pressures alongside PCWP helps evaluate left-sided filling pressures and risk of pulmonary congestion. This makes it most useful for estimating left ventricular end-diastolic pressure as a bedside surrogate. Right ventricular pressure is more directly reflected by right-sided pressures (RA/CVP and PA diastolic) rather than the wedge measurement. The other options are not primary hemodynamic parameters derived from PA catheter wedge readings.

Question 29

IN ECG THE P WAVE REPRESENT

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This atrial depolarization precedes atrial contraction and appears before the QRS complex. Ventricular depolarization corresponds to the QRS complex, and ventricular repolarization corresponds primarily to the T wave. Atrial repolarization is typically not visible on surface ECG because it is obscured by the larger QRS complex.

Question 30

The most common cause of pericarditis is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Acute pericarditis is most commonly caused by viral infection, especially coxsackievirus and other enteroviruses, making a viral etiology the dominant epidemiologic answer. These pathogens typically produce a self-limited inflammatory process of the pericardium after a viral prodrome. Bacterial causes such as staphylococci or streptococci are less common and are usually associated with severe, purulent disease in specific risk settings. Tuberculous pericarditis occurs in endemic areas or immunocompromised patients but is not the most common overall cause.

Question 31

Pulse Rate A nurse obtained a client’s pulse and found the rate to be above normal. The nurse document this findings as:

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Tachypnea refers to an increased respiratory rate, not pulse. Hyperpyrexia describes extremely high body temperature (fever) and is not the documentation term for a fast pulse. Arrhythmia indicates an irregular rhythm rather than a rate that is simply above normal.

Question 32

TOTAL NUMBER OF CHAMBER IN HUMAN HEART IS?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: It has two atria (right and left) that receive blood and two ventricles (right and left) that pump blood out of the heart. This four-chamber structure enables efficient oxygenation in the lungs and delivery of oxygenated blood to the body while limiting mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood. Options with fewer chambers describe non-human vertebrate patterns or are anatomically incomplete for humans.

Question 33

A patient's physician orders nuclear cardiography and makes an appointment for a thallium scan the purpose of injecting a radioisotope into the bloodstream is to detect?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Comparing tracer distribution at stress and rest helps differentiate reversible ischemia from fixed defects due to infarction/scar. This directly targets assessment of myocardial perfusion and viability rather than general “damage” without functional context. Tests focused on ventricular function are more characteristic of gated blood-pool/MUGA studies rather than a thallium perfusion scan.

Question 34

After an anterior wall myocardial infarction, which of the following problems is indicated by auscultation of crackles in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: An anterior wall myocardial infarction commonly impairs left ventricular systolic function, causing blood to back up into the left atrium and pulmonary veins, leading to pulmonary edema. This pulmonary congestion produces inspiratory crackles on lung auscultation and may be accompanied by dyspnea and orthopnea. In contrast, isolated right-sided failure more typically causes systemic venous congestion (e.g., peripheral edema, JVD) rather than lung crackles. Valve malfunctions listed are not the primary, expected cause of new diffuse crackles immediately after an anterior MI.

Question 35

The nurse knows that which two hemodynamic pressures are preload?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: CVP estimates right ventricular preload by reflecting right atrial pressure and venous return. PAWP (wedge) estimates left ventricular preload by approximating left atrial pressure under normal conditions. In contrast, SVR and PVR are measures of afterload (vascular resistance) rather than filling pressure, making them incorrect as preload indicators.

Question 36

Common fat to cause heart attack is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This lipid-rich plaque formation is most directly linked to elevated atherogenic lipoproteins (commonly summarized in basic exam questions as “cholesterol”), which promotes coronary artery narrowing and instability. In contrast, unsaturated and monounsaturated fats are generally associated with improved lipid profiles when they replace saturated/trans fats in the diet. Therefore the option that best matches the common causal dietary lipid risk factor for heart attack in this question format is the one referring to cholesterol.

Question 37

Number of valves in human heart:

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The human heart has two atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and mitral) and two semilunar valves (pulmonic and aortic), totaling four. This count corresponds to the key flow checkpoints between atria/ventricles and ventricles/arteries. Options with fewer valves omit either an AV valve or a semilunar valve, which would not match normal cardiac anatomy. Therefore the total number of valves in a normal human heart is four.

Question 38

Largest artery is..?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Its diameter and wall thickness are greatest to accommodate and dampen pulsatile flow (Windkessel effect) and distribute blood to the entire systemic circulation. Coronary and renal arteries are major branches but are smaller caliber vessels compared with the main outflow trunk. The “pulmonology vein” option is incorrect both because it is a vein (not an artery) and the term is anatomically inaccurate.

Question 39

Brain receives oxygen via..?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The brain’s oxygen supply specifically comes from the internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries that form the Circle of Willis and distribute oxygen-rich blood to cerebral vessels. Veins primarily drain deoxygenated blood away from the brain and do not serve as the route of oxygen delivery. Capillaries are the site of gas exchange, but they receive oxygenated blood from arterioles that originate from arteries, making arteries the best single answer for the delivery route. Lymph does not transport oxygen for tissue metabolism.

Question 40

Heart Pacemaker is ____________?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The sinoatrial node spontaneously generates impulses that spread through the atria and then to the AV node. The AV node primarily functions as a gatekeeper that delays conduction to allow ventricular filling, and it only becomes a backup pacemaker if the SA node fails. The bundle of His and ventricular myocardium are downstream conduction/contractile tissues with slower intrinsic rates and therefore do not ordinarily pace the heart.

Question 41

All arteries of the body flow?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This definition holds even in the pulmonary circulation, where pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The other choices incorrectly imply that all arteries have a single target organ or that they flow away from the lungs, which is not a defining feature of systemic arteries. Therefore the best general statement about all arteries is their flow direction relative to the heart.

Question 42

Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Among the choices, age is the strongest and most consistently predictive risk factor, making the 60-year-old the highest-risk individual. While African-American ethnicity is associated with higher prevalence and earlier onset of hypertension, a 45-year-old is generally at lower overall risk than someone two decades older. Occupation titles provided do not meaningfully change baseline epidemiologic risk compared with age.

Question 43

A 34-year-old man comes to the emergency department with palpitations for the past 4 hours. He has no associated chest pain, shortness of breath, or dizziness. His medical history is significant for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome with 3 prior episodes of supraventricular tachycardia. The patient does not use tobacco or illicit drugs and drinks alcohol only on social occasions. He had 5 cans of beer at a party the previous night. On examination, his blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg and pulse is irregularly irregular. ECG shows atrial fibrillation with a rate of 160/min. What is the best next step in management of this patient?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: A hemodynamically stable patient should receive an antiarrhythmic that slows conduction in the accessory pathway and can restore sinus rhythm. Procainamide (or ibutilide) is appropriate because it prolongs refractoriness in atrial tissue and the accessory pathway, helping control rate and convert rhythm. Adenosine and digoxin primarily act at the AV node and are unsafe in pre-excited AF, while lidocaine is used for ventricular arrhythmias rather than this supraventricular rhythm mechanism.

Question 44

What must the nurse do to determine a client's pulse pressure?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Pulse pressure is defined as the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and reflects stroke volume and arterial compliance. Using the systolic value minus the diastolic value directly applies this definition and yields pulse pressure in mm Hg. Multiplying heart rate by stroke volume estimates cardiac output, not pulse pressure. Averaging blood pressure relates to mean arterial pressure, and apical–radial comparison assesses pulse deficit rather than the arterial pressure amplitude.

Question 45

Which of the following has the thickest wall?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Systemic circulation has much higher resistance than pulmonary circulation, so the left ventricle must pump blood through the entire body and therefore develops the thickest wall. In contrast, the right ventricle pumps to the low-pressure pulmonary circuit and has a thinner wall. The atria primarily serve as low-pressure receiving chambers and are the thinnest.

Question 46

Pulse regulatory center is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Its spontaneous depolarization initiates each cardiac cycle and drives atrial depolarization before conduction continues through the AV node to the ventricles. The AV node mainly provides a physiologic delay to allow ventricular filling, rather than regulating the baseline pulse. The bundle of His and Purkinje fibers primarily conduct impulses rapidly through the ventricles and do not determine normal pulse rate unless higher pacemakers fail.

Question 47

What is the normal value of centeral venous pressure?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: In most adults, normal CVP is about 2–6 mmHg, with many nursing references accepting a slightly wider normal range up to ~8 mmHg depending on measurement conditions and calibration. This makes 3–8 mm Hg the best matching option among the choices provided. Higher ranges such as 8–12 or 12–16 mm Hg are more consistent with elevated right atrial pressure from fluid overload, right ventricular failure, or increased intrathoracic pressure.

Question 48

For getting pulse which artery is usually pulpatеd?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The artery at the wrist meets these criteria, allowing quick, routine heart rate assessment in most adults. In contrast, the artery in the cubital fossa is typically reserved for blood pressure measurement and infant pulse checks, and the artery in the axilla is deeper and less convenient for routine palpation. The ulnar artery is generally less accessible and less commonly used for routine pulse assessment at the wrist.

Question 49

Boot shaped chest in x-ray is a feature of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: This radiographic pattern is most strongly associated with tetralogy of Fallot because chronic right ventricular outflow obstruction leads to hypertrophy and reduced pulmonary artery prominence. In contrast, transposition of the great arteries more typically shows an “egg-on-a-string” appearance, and PDA tends to cause cardiomegaly with increased pulmonary vascular markings. Therefore the finding best matches tetralogy of Fallot.

Question 50

Takayasu syndrome is a?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Among the options, only arterial inflammation matches the defining pathology and explains classic findings such as limb claudication, bruits, and blood pressure discrepancies. Venous inflammation describes thrombophlebitis, which is a different disease process and vessel type. Gum or appendix inflammation are unrelated local inflammatory conditions rather than systemic vasculitis.

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All of the following are non-modifiable risk factors for coronary heart disease except?

Which hereditary disease is most closely linked to an aneurysm?

To calculate cardiac output, heart rate is multiplied with?

The sensation of pain that is described most commonly by the patients with angina is?

Normal systolic pressure:

Which organ is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body?

Donated blood is taken from?

Which muscle is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body?

Which of the following heart valvular disease shows a systolic click on auscultation?

The normal mean pulmonary artery pressure is?

A murmur is heard at the second left intercostal space along the left sternal border. Which valve area is this?

In which disease condition a boot shaped heart is seen in chest X-ray?

Which of the following is a large blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart?

A nurse is reviewing a patient's electrocardiogram(EKG) and notes that the T waves appear inverted. The nurses suspect which of the following as the most likely condition?

The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure is called...?

What’s the primary function of the heart?

Which of the following complications is indicated by a third heart sound (S3)?

Which of the following is the function of the cardiac muscles?

Which of the following treatments is the definitive one for a ruptured aneurysm?

A nurse is taking care of a patient with DVT and she must be aware that venous emboli will be lodged in?

Which of the following conditions is most closely associated with weight gain, nausea, and a decrease in urine output?

Which of the following is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the rest of the body?

Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension?

The nurse is teaching a client with cardiac disease about the anatomy and physiology of the heart. Which is the correct pathway of blood flow through the heart?

A client is admitted with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following lab values would be consistent with this diagnosis?

The nursing care plan for a toddler diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) should be based on the high risk for development of which problem?

The nurse is teaching a client with dysrhythmia about the electrical pathway of an impulse as it travels through the heart. Which of these demonstrates the normal pathway?

Postoperative orders for a client undergoing a mitral valve replacement include monitoring pulmonary artery pressure together with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure with a pulmonary artery catheter. This action by the nurse will assess?

IN ECG THE P WAVE REPRESENT

The most common cause of pericarditis is?

Pulse Rate A nurse obtained a client’s pulse and found the rate to be above normal. The nurse document this findings as:

TOTAL NUMBER OF CHAMBER IN HUMAN HEART IS?

A patient's physician orders nuclear cardiography and makes an appointment for a thallium scan the purpose of injecting a radioisotope into the bloodstream is to detect?

After an anterior wall myocardial infarction, which of the following problems is indicated by auscultation of crackles in the lungs?

The nurse knows that which two hemodynamic pressures are preload?

Common fat to cause heart attack is?

Number of valves in human heart:

Largest artery is..?

Brain receives oxygen via..?

Heart Pacemaker is ____________?

All arteries of the body flow?

Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension?

What must the nurse do to determine a client's pulse pressure?

Which of the following has the thickest wall?

Pulse regulatory center is?

What is the normal value of centeral venous pressure?

For getting pulse which artery is usually pulpatеd?

Boot shaped chest in x-ray is a feature of?

Takayasu syndrome is a?

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