Question 1

What is the most reliable indicator to identify the nutritional status in children under 2 years in a community setting?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: For children under 2 years in community settings, weight-for-age is the most practical and reliable growth monitoring index. MUAC is less reliable in infants, weight-for-height requires accurate length measurement, and BMI is not recommended for this age group.

Question 2

The Salk vaccine is given for the prevention of which disease?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The Salk vaccine is the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) developed by Jonas Salk and prevents poliomyelitis.

Question 3

A fifteen month-old child comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit after hospitalization for treatment of Kawasaki Disease. The nurse recognizes that which of the following scheduled immunizations will be delayed?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Kawasaki treatment includes IV immunoglobulin, which interferes with response to live vaccines. Live vaccines (e.g., MMR) should be delayed; inactivated vaccines (Hib, IPV, DTaP) can proceed.

Question 4

Which vaccination is given at birth?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: BCG is routinely administered at birth; pentavalent is started at 6 weeks, influenza after 6 months, and dengue vaccine is not given at birth.

Question 5

Which instrument is used to measure the height of a 2-year-old child?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: At 2 years and older, stature is measured standing with a stadiometer. An infantometer is for recumbent length in children under 2; a goniometer measures joint angles; a refractometer measures refractive index.

Question 6

After giving BCG vaccine, when does the scar typically form?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Typical BCG vaccine reaction evolves to a scar in about 6–12 weeks; thus around 2 months is the best answer among the options.

Question 7

What is the first vaccination to be administered before a newborn baby leaves the hospital?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Newborns routinely receive the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine at birth to prevent perinatal transmission; polio, diphtheria, and MMR are given later in infancy/childhood.

Question 8

Which vaccine is given at 9 months of age?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Routine immunization schedules give measles-containing vaccine at 9 months; BCG is at birth, DPT at 6/10/14 weeks, and TT is given later (e.g., school age or pregnancy).

Question 9

The nurse is teaching a parent about side effects of routine immunizations. Which of the following MUST be reported immediately?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Mild local reactions such as irritability, slight edema, and tenderness are expected after immunizations; a high fever (≥102.5 F) is an adverse reaction that should be reported immediately.

Question 10

Prior to giving an immunization, the nurse should FIRST assess the child for possible contraindications, including?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Immunosuppression is a key contraindication to receiving live vaccines; mild URI, chronic asthma, or egg allergy are not general contraindications to routine immunizations.

Question 11

How many months does the cholera vaccine provide protection?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Traditional cholera vaccine confers only short-lived immunity, providing protection for about 3–6 months.

Question 12

When assessing a youth for participation in athletics, these systems should be emphasized?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Pre-participation sports exams primarily focus on cardiovascular risks (e.g., sudden cardiac death) and musculoskeletal issues that impact athletic safety and performance.

Question 13

The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for the parents of a newborn. Which of the following information should the nurse provide to the parents regarding the accuracy of a PKU (phenylketonuria) test?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Accurate PKU screening requires sufficient protein intake; breastfed infants may need longer exposure to milk, whereas formula-fed infants can be tested earlier. The other options describe inappropriate fasting, incorrect repeat timing, or a glucose tolerance–type protocol.

Question 14

According to the latest vaccination guidelines, which vaccine is applicable at the age of 5 years?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: At 5 years, the school-entry booster includes DPT (second booster) with OPV; DT alone is scheduled later and Vitamin A dosing is completed before 5 years.

Question 15

Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Rubella (MMR) is a live-attenuated vaccine and is contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic risk. Diphtheria/tetanus (Td/Tdap) and hepatitis B vaccines are inactivated and can be given if indicated.

Question 16

Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Rubella (MMR) is a live attenuated vaccine and is contraindicated in pregnancy due to fetal risk. Tetanus and inactivated influenza vaccines are safe in pregnancy.

Question 17

How often should an ideal periodical examination of a worker in industry be done?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Occupational health surveillance frequency is determined by the specific hazards and exposure levels in the workplace; intervals vary accordingly rather than being fixed daily, monthly, or yearly.

Question 18

A nurse administering immunizations is preventing infection by which of the following mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vaccines stimulate the host’s immune system to develop active immunity, thereby strengthening host defenses against infection.

Question 19

Which of the following nursing assessments in an infant is MOST valuable in identifying serious visual defects?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The red reflex exam is the best screening test in infants for detecting serious ocular pathology (e.g., cataract, retinoblastoma); a bright, uniform reflex rules out major defects of the cornea, lens, and vitreous. Visual acuity and cover tests are less reliable at this age and pupil response does not screen structural defects.

Question 20

As the nurse provides discharge teaching to the parents of a 15 month-old child with Kawasaki Disease who has received immunoglobulin therapy, which one of the following instructions would be MOST appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: After IV immunoglobulin therapy, live vaccines (e.g., MMR) should be delayed because IVIG can interfere with antibody response for months. Other options are inaccurate or less pertinent.

Question 21

What is the Pap smear test used for?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Pap smear screens cervical cells for precancerous and cancerous changes, making it a test for cervical cancer detection. The other options are unrelated to its primary purpose.

Question 22

Vaccine used for pregnant female?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: During pregnancy, tetanus toxoid (or Tdap) is recommended to protect both mother and newborn against tetanus and, with Tdap, pertussis. Live attenuated vaccines such as BCG and rubella are contraindicated in pregnancy due to fetal risk. DPT is a pediatric formulation and is not used in pregnant women because of higher reactogenicity; Tdap/Td is preferred. Therefore, tetanus vaccination is the appropriate choice.

Question 23

BCG vaccine is given at-?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: BCG is administered intradermally at birth to protect infants from severe forms of tuberculosis such as miliary TB and TB meningitis. WHO and many national programs recommend giving it as soon as possible after birth, or up to 1 year if missed. Doses at 9 or 12 months are for other vaccines (e.g., measles/MMR), and there is no routine BCG dose at 5 years.

Question 24

After which age BCG vaccine should not be given?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: BCG is recommended at birth to prevent severe forms of tuberculosis in infancy. In routine immunization programs, catch-up BCG may be given only up to 1 year of age if the child was not previously vaccinated. After 1 year, routine BCG is not recommended because benefit diminishes and the likelihood of prior TB infection increases, so older children are assessed individually rather than broadly vaccinated. Therefore, it should not be given after 1 year in routine schedules.

Question 25

First vaccine for new born baby..?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: At birth, newborns are routinely immunized to prevent early severe infections. BCG is administered soon after birth to protect against severe forms of tuberculosis. DTP is started later (typically at 6 weeks), and tetanus alone is not given to neonates. Although some programs also give a zero‑dose oral polio vaccine at birth, among the listed choices BCG is the standard first newborn vaccine.

Question 26

Dose of the T.T injection?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The standard dose of tetanus toxoid (TT/Td) vaccine for adolescents and adults is 0.5 mL given intramuscularly, typically in the deltoid. This dose is used for both primary series and booster doses per WHO/CDC recommendations. Larger volumes are not indicated and can increase local adverse reactions without improving immunogenicity.

Question 27

Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Live attenuated vaccines are contraindicated in pregnancy due to the theoretical risk of fetal infection. The rubella vaccine (as part of MMR) is live attenuated and should not be given during pregnancy. Inactivated influenza vaccine and Tdap (tetanus component) are recommended during pregnancy, and Hepatitis B vaccine is safe when indicated. Therefore, rubella is the correct choice.

Question 28

The preventive vaccine for tetanus is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Tetanus is prevented by immunization with tetanus toxoid. The DPT vaccine contains diphtheria and tetanus toxoids plus acellular pertussis, providing protection against tetanus. BCG is for tuberculosis, MMR is for measles-mumps-rubella, and OPV is for polio.

Question 29

Mumps vaccine is part of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The mumps vaccine is given as part of the combined MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. DPT protects against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus; BCG is for tuberculosis; and OPV is for poliomyelitis. Therefore, only MMR includes the mumps component.

Question 30

First Vaccine for new born Baby_____?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: At birth, routine immunizations include BCG to protect against severe forms of tuberculosis. OPV/Hepatitis B may also be given at birth depending on the schedule, but DTP begins at 6 weeks and a standalone tetanus vaccine is not administered to neonates. Therefore, the first vaccine given to a newborn from these options is BCG.

Question 31

OPV is given by?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: OPV stands for oral polio vaccine and is administered as oral drops. It contains live attenuated poliovirus strains that replicate in the gut to induce mucosal and systemic immunity. This route facilitates easy mass administration during immunization campaigns. In contrast, IPV is given by injection.

Question 32

Measles is prevented by?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Measles is prevented by the live attenuated measles vaccine, routinely given as part of the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) combination. Standard schedules administer the first dose at 12–15 months with a second dose at 4–6 years for long-term immunity. BCG protects against tuberculosis, OPV protects against poliomyelitis, and DPT protects against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus.

Question 33

Which of the following vaccines given as soon as possible after birth?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The hepatitis B birth dose should be given within 24 hours to prevent perinatal transmission from an infected mother, making it time-critical immediately after birth. BCG may be given at birth but is not as time-sensitive as the hepatitis B birth dose. Pneumococcal vaccine (PCV) is started later in infancy, and rubella is given as part of MMR at 9–12 months. Therefore, hepatitis B is the vaccine that must be administered as soon as possible after birth.

Question 34

The vaccine given only orally is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: OPV (oral polio vaccine) is a live-attenuated vaccine administered by mouth. BCG is given intradermally, DPT is given intramuscularly, and Hepatitis B vaccine is also intramuscular. Among the options, only OPV is delivered exclusively via the oral route in routine immunization programs.

Question 35

The vaccine for chickenpox is known as?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Varivax is the live-attenuated varicella vaccine used to prevent chickenpox. BCG is used for tuberculosis prevention, DPT is a combination vaccine for diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus, and MMR covers measles, mumps, and rubella. Therefore Varivax is the correct vaccine for chickenpox.

Question 36

The first vaccine given to a newborn baby is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: At birth, routine immunization includes BCG to protect against severe forms of tuberculosis, given intradermally soon after delivery. Many schedules also provide an OPV ‘zero dose’ and Hepatitis B birth dose, but among the listed options, BCG is the standard first vaccine. MMR and DPT are administered later in infancy. Therefore, BCG is the best single answer.

Question 37

Which vaccine is known as the three killer vaccine?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: DPT is a triple vaccine that protects against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus—three historically lethal childhood diseases—hence it is often called the 'three killer' or 'triple antigen' vaccine. BCG protects only against tuberculosis. MMR covers measles, mumps, and rubella, but mumps and rubella are not typically termed major child killers. Polio vaccine protects against only one disease.

Question 38

Hepatitis vaccination helps to?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Vaccines are prophylactic; they stimulate the immune system to develop protective antibodies before exposure to the pathogen. Hepatitis vaccines (e.g., hepatitis A and B) reduce the risk of acquiring these infections. They do not cure existing hepatitis or directly treat symptoms or fever, which require other therapies.

Question 39

Which of the following vaccines is used to prevent measles?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The MMR vaccine is a live-attenuated combination vaccine that protects against measles (rubeola), mumps, and rubella. DPT covers diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus; BCG is for tuberculosis; and OPV targets poliomyelitis. Therefore, MMR is the correct vaccine used to prevent measles.

Question 40

Which vaccine is given at birth?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine is recommended at birth, ideally within 24 hours, to prevent vertical transmission from an infected mother and early-life infection. DPT is initiated later (around 6–8 weeks/2 months). MMR is given at 12–15 months. While BCG is given at birth in some countries, it is not part of the routine U.S. schedule; hepatitis B is the universally recommended birth dose.

Question 41

The vaccine available for typhoid prevention is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Typhoid fever is prevented by typhoid vaccines, including the Vi polysaccharide injectable or live oral Ty21a; historically this is referred to as the TAB vaccine (typhoid–paratyphoid A and B). BCG is for tuberculosis, MMR protects against measles, mumps, and rubella, and OPV is for poliomyelitis. Therefore, the vaccine relevant to typhoid prevention is the TAB vaccine.

Question 42

The site for BCG vaccine is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: BCG is administered as an intradermal injection over the deltoid region, standardized to the left upper arm in most programs for easy identification of the characteristic scar and to avoid confusion with other injections. The right arm is not the recommended standard site. Thigh and gluteal regions are not used for BCG, which must be intradermal rather than intramuscular or subcutaneous to achieve proper local immune response.

Question 43

The duration of immunity after complete course of tetanus toxoid is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: After a complete primary series of tetanus toxoid, protective antitoxin levels typically persist for about a decade, which is why boosters are recommended every 10 years. Immunity wanes over time, and for high-risk wounds a booster is advised if more than 5 years have elapsed. Therefore the best estimate of duration is 5–10 years, not lifelong.

Question 44

Which vaccine is used to prevent respiratory infections?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The pneumococcal vaccine protects against Streptococcus pneumoniae, a leading cause of community‑acquired pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections such as otitis media and sinusitis. Hepatitis B vaccine prevents viral hepatitis affecting the liver, and rotavirus vaccine prevents gastroenteritis. While the influenza vaccine targets influenza specifically, pneumococcal vaccination is classically indicated to prevent bacterial respiratory infections, particularly pneumonia, across high‑risk groups.

Question 45

Which vaccine is given at birth?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: BCG is routinely administered at birth to protect against severe forms of tuberculosis (e.g., miliary TB, TB meningitis). MMR is started later, typically at 9–12 months. Rabies vaccine is for post‑exposure or pre‑exposure prophylaxis in specific risk groups. While some schedules include an OPV ‘zero dose’ at birth, the universally consistent newborn vaccine among these options is BCG.

Question 46

The vaccine given for measles is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: MMR is the combined live-attenuated vaccine that provides immunity against measles, mumps, and rubella. BCG protects against tuberculosis, DPT covers diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus, and polio vaccines (IPV/OPV) target poliomyelitis. Therefore, MMR is the correct vaccine used to prevent measles.

Question 47

Measles is preventable by?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Measles is a contagious viral illness effectively prevented by the measles-containing vaccine (MMR). Immunization produces protective immunity and has led to dramatic reductions in disease incidence. Antibiotics do not prevent viral infections, and diet or exercise do not confer specific immunity against measles.

Question 48

Which vaccine is given at birth under UIP?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Under India’s Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), vaccines recommended at birth include BCG, OPV-0, and Hepatitis B birth dose. BCG is given to protect against severe forms of tuberculosis such as miliary TB and TB meningitis. DPT is started at 6, 10, and 14 weeks, measles at 9 months, and typhoid is not administered at birth. Therefore, BCG is the correct choice.

Question 49

The first vaccine given to a newborn is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: In the standard newborn immunization schedule, the first vaccine given is the Hepatitis B vaccine, administered within 24 hours of birth to prevent perinatal transmission. DPT and polio vaccines are initiated at 2 months in many schedules. BCG is not part of the routine schedule in the U.S. and, where used, may be given at birth but is region-specific. Therefore, Hepatitis B is the correct first vaccine for a newborn.

Question 50

First immunization at birth includes?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: At birth, routine immunizations include a zero dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV), Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) for tuberculosis, and the hepatitis B birth dose within 24 hours to prevent perinatal transmission. DPT begins at 6 weeks, not at birth. Measles vaccine is typically given at 9 months or later, and tetanus toxoid is for maternal or older child immunization, not neonates. Vitamin A supplementation starts around 6 months, not at birth.

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Screenings and Immunizations NCLEX Practice Test

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What is the most reliable indicator to identify the nutritional status in children under 2 years in a community setting?

The Salk vaccine is given for the prevention of which disease?

A fifteen month-old child comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit after hospitalization for treatment of Kawasaki Disease. The nurse recognizes that which of the following scheduled immunizations will be delayed?

Which vaccination is given at birth?

Which instrument is used to measure the height of a 2-year-old child?

After giving BCG vaccine, when does the scar typically form?

What is the first vaccination to be administered before a newborn baby leaves the hospital?

Which vaccine is given at 9 months of age?

The nurse is teaching a parent about side effects of routine immunizations. Which of the following MUST be reported immediately?

Prior to giving an immunization, the nurse should FIRST assess the child for possible contraindications, including?

How many months does the cholera vaccine provide protection?

When assessing a youth for participation in athletics, these systems should be emphasized?

The nurse is preparing discharge teaching for the parents of a newborn. Which of the following information should the nurse provide to the parents regarding the accuracy of a PKU (phenylketonuria) test?

According to the latest vaccination guidelines, which vaccine is applicable at the age of 5 years?

Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?

Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?

How often should an ideal periodical examination of a worker in industry be done?

A nurse administering immunizations is preventing infection by which of the following mechanism?

Which of the following nursing assessments in an infant is MOST valuable in identifying serious visual defects?

As the nurse provides discharge teaching to the parents of a 15 month-old child with Kawasaki Disease who has received immunoglobulin therapy, which one of the following instructions would be MOST appropriate?

What is the Pap smear test used for?

Vaccine used for pregnant female?

BCG vaccine is given at-?

After which age BCG vaccine should not be given?

First vaccine for new born baby..?

Dose of the T.T injection?

Which vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy?

The preventive vaccine for tetanus is?

Mumps vaccine is part of?

First Vaccine for new born Baby_____?

OPV is given by?

Measles is prevented by?

Which of the following vaccines given as soon as possible after birth?

The vaccine given only orally is?

The vaccine for chickenpox is known as?

The first vaccine given to a newborn baby is?

Which vaccine is known as the three killer vaccine?

Hepatitis vaccination helps to?

Which of the following vaccines is used to prevent measles?

Which vaccine is given at birth?

The vaccine available for typhoid prevention is?

The site for BCG vaccine is?

The duration of immunity after complete course of tetanus toxoid is?

Which vaccine is used to prevent respiratory infections?

Which vaccine is given at birth?

The vaccine given for measles is?

Measles is preventable by?

Which vaccine is given at birth under UIP?

The first vaccine given to a newborn is?

First immunization at birth includes?

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