Question 1

How is sound measured?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Sound intensity is measured in decibels (dB). Pounds, feet, and kilometers are units of weight or distance, not sound.

Question 2

Which is the largest paranasal air sinus?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The maxillary sinus is anatomically the largest of the paranasal sinuses; the sphenoid is smaller and the azygos vein is not a sinus.

Question 3

What is the most common site of rhinorrhoea?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The ethmoid region (roof/cribriform-lateral lamella area) is the most frequent source of nasal leakage leading to rhinorrhea, making the ethmoid sinus the commonest site implicated.

Question 4

What instrument is used in the examination of the ear?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: An otoscope is designed to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane. An ophthalmoscope is for eye exams, a proctoscope for the rectum, and a laryngoscope for the larynx (not the ear).

Question 5

Which part of the ear is related to body balance?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Balance is mediated by the vestibular apparatus: the semicircular canals detect rotational movements and the vestibule (utricle and saccule) detects linear acceleration and head position. The cochlea is for hearing.

Question 6

What is the medical term for the voice box?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The larynx houses the vocal cords and is known as the voice box. The pharynx is the throat, the trachea is the windpipe, and bronchi are lower airway branches.

Question 7

Which of the following is a repair of the tympanic membrane?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Myringoplasty specifically refers to surgical repair of a perforated tympanic membrane. Tympanoplasty can include ossicular reconstruction; myringotomy is an incision in the eardrum; septoplasty repairs the nasal septum.

Question 8

What is the sound tolerance extreme limit in decibels?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The upper human tolerance/threshold of pain for sound intensity is around 140 dB; many standards cite 140 dB as the absolute peak limit.

Question 9

What is the primary sense organ used for hearing?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hearing is the sense associated with the ear, the organ responsible for detecting sound; the other options are unrelated actions.

Question 10

Which of the following is a speech disorder?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Stuttering is a speech fluency disorder. Enuresis and encopresis are elimination disorders, and a tic is an involuntary movement or vocalization, not a speech fluency disorder.

Question 11

Number of bones in middle ear?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Each middle ear contains three auditory ossicles: malleus, incus, and stapes. These bones transmit sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the inner ear. Considering both ears together, there are a total of six bones in the middle ears.

Question 12

Auditory canal ends in?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The external auditory canal (external acoustic meatus) terminates at the tympanic membrane, commonly called the eardrum, which separates the external ear from the middle ear. The pinna is the outer ear structure and is proximal to the canal’s opening, not its end. The cochlea is an inner ear structure and lies beyond the middle ear. The pupil pertains to the eye, not the ear.

Question 13

In which sinus, carcinoma is mostly seen?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Most malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses arise in the maxillary sinus, accounting for the majority (about two‑thirds) of cases. This is attributed to its larger cavity and greater exposure to inhaled carcinogens such as wood dust, nickel, and chromium. Ethmoid sinus cancers occur less frequently, and frontal or sphenoid involvement is rare. Therefore, the maxillary sinus is the most common site.

Question 14

Infection of middle ear is called...?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The middle ear infection is termed otitis media. Sinusitis refers to inflammation or infection of the paranasal sinuses, not the ear. Mastoiditis is infection of the mastoid air cells and typically occurs as a complication of acute otitis media. Labyrinthitis involves the inner ear (labyrinth) and often presents with vertigo and sensorineural hearing loss.

Question 15

Which organ is also known as Balancing organ?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Balance is primarily maintained by the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear, including the semicircular canals and the otolith organs (utricle and saccule). These structures detect head motion and orientation relative to gravity and send signals via the vestibular branch of cranial nerve VIII. The brain integrates this input with vision and proprioception to maintain equilibrium. Therefore, the ear is known as the balancing organ.

Question 16

Where is Malleus bone located in our body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The malleus is one of the three auditory ossicles located in the middle ear (malleus, incus, stapes). It is attached to the tympanic membrane and transmits sound vibrations to the incus. Thus, its anatomical location is within the tympanic cavity of the middle ear, not the outer ear or pinna.

Question 17

Headache due to sinusitis occurs mostly?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Sinusitis causes mucosal edema and accumulation of secretions, which increase while lying down overnight. This leads to higher sinus pressure on awakening, making headache worse in the morning. Symptoms often improve as drainage increases after getting up or with decongestion. The other options are not characteristic triggers of sinus-related headaches.

Question 18

Posterior epistaxis is common in —?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Posterior epistaxis typically arises from branches of the sphenopalatine artery and is more severe and common in older adults. Age-related atherosclerosis, hypertension, and use of anticoagulants increase its incidence in the elderly. In contrast, children and young adults more commonly experience anterior nosebleeds from Kiesselbach’s plexus. Newborn posterior epistaxis is rare.

Question 19

Bleeding from the "Nose" is known as..........?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Epistaxis is the medical term for bleeding from the nasal mucosa. Hemoptysis refers to coughing up blood originating from the lower respiratory tract. Hematuria is blood in the urine. Therefore, the correct term for nosebleed is epistaxis.

Question 20

Infection of middle ear is called?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Otitis media is the term for inflammation or infection of the middle ear space behind the tympanic membrane. Sinusitis involves the paranasal sinuses, not the ear. Mastoiditis is infection of the mastoid air cells, often a complication of untreated otitis media. Labyrinthitis refers to inflammation of the inner ear (labyrinth) and typically presents with vertigo and hearing changes.

Question 21

The parts of the ear include all the following but one?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx, the cochlea is a key inner-ear structure for hearing, and the incus is one of the ossicles of the middle ear. The sclera, however, is the tough white outer layer of the eye, not a component of the ear. Therefore, sclera is the exception.

Question 22

Organ of voice is called _?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The larynx is the 'voice box' and houses the vocal folds that vibrate to produce sound during phonation. The lungs provide airflow but are not the organ of voice. The hyoid is a bone supporting the tongue and laryngeal structures but does not generate voice. ADH is a hormone unrelated to voice production.

Question 23

Total number of bones in the human ear is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Each ear contains three auditory ossicles: the malleus, incus, and stapes. These small bones transmit sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the cochlea. The question refers to one human ear (singular), so the total is three bones. Across both ears there would be six, but per ear it is three.

Question 24

What is the most common cause of epistaxis in children?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: In children, the most common cause of epistaxis is local trauma to the anterior nasal septum (Little’s area/Kiesselbach plexus), most often from nose picking. This area has a rich superficial vascular supply and is easily disrupted by minor trauma or mucosal dryness. Hypertension is a more common association in adults and is not the typical primary cause in children. Posterior bleeds and coagulopathies are less common and are considered when bleeding is severe, recurrent, or difficult to control.

Question 25

Recurrent nosebleed in children may be due to —?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: In children, recurrent epistaxis commonly results from local nasal causes such as minor trauma (including nose picking) that irritates Kiesselbach’s plexus. A nasal foreign body can abrade mucosa and predispose to repeated bleeding, often unilateral. Nasal polyps or other intranasal masses can also cause mucosal fragility and recurrent bleeding. Therefore, all listed options are potential causes.

Question 26

Smallest bone in human?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The stapes is the smallest bone in the human body and is one of the three auditory ossicles in the middle ear (malleus, incus, stapes). It transmits sound vibrations from the incus to the oval window of the cochlea. The patella is a large sesamoid bone of the knee, and malleus and incus are larger than the stapes among the ossicles.

Question 27

Otitis media is the inflammation of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Otitis media refers to inflammation/infection of the middle ear, so the correct body part is the ear. It commonly occurs when the eustachian tube becomes obstructed (often after an upper respiratory infection), leading to fluid buildup and bacterial or viral growth. The other options (nose, muscles, throat) do not describe the anatomical site indicated by the term “otitis” (ear) and “media” (middle).

Question 28

Bleeding in the Ear call?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Bleeding or any discharge coming from the ear is termed otorrhea (ear discharge), which can include blood, pus, or clear fluid. Epistaxis refers specifically to nosebleed, not ear bleeding. Hematoma is a localized collection of blood within tissues and does not specifically denote ear discharge. “Homolysis” appears to be an incorrect term (likely intended to be hemolysis) and does not describe ear bleeding.

Question 29

Excessive watery discharge from the nose is__________?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Excessive watery nasal discharge (rhinorrhea) is a classic symptom of rhinitis, which is inflammation/irritation of the nasal mucosa commonly due to allergy or viral infection. Epistaxis refers to a nosebleed, not watery discharge. Pruritis is itching, and stomatitis is inflammation of the oral mucosa. Therefore, rhinitis is the best match for watery nasal discharge.

Question 30

Tinnitus is a condition of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Tinnitus refers to the perception of sound (commonly ringing, buzzing, or hissing) in the absence of an external source. It is a symptom that can occur with hearing loss or other ear pathology, but it is not itself defined as hearing loss. Ear bleeding and a sensation of blocked ears are not defining features of tinnitus.

Question 31

Otomycosis is infection of?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Otomycosis refers to a fungal infection of the external ear canal (fungal otitis externa), most commonly due to Aspergillus or Candida species. The term combines "oto-" (ear) and "-mycosis" (fungal infection), indicating the site and type of infection. Therefore, among the options, the ear is the correct location. Skin, liver, and kidney infections would be described with different anatomical prefixes.

Question 32

Otitis is related to?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Otitis refers to inflammation or infection of the ear (e.g., otitis media of the middle ear, otitis externa of the external ear canal). The prefix "oto-" denotes ear, and "-itis" denotes inflammation. Therefore, the condition is directly related to the ear rather than the nose, eye, or throat.

Question 33

Which sinus is most commonly affected by sinusitis?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The maxillary sinuses are most commonly affected in sinusitis because their drainage pathway is relatively dependent and can be easily obstructed by mucosal swelling. Impaired drainage promotes mucus retention and secondary bacterial growth, making infection more likely. Other sinuses (frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid) can be involved, but the maxillary sinus is the most frequent site in typical acute rhinosinusitis presentations.

Question 34

Which of the following is a balancing organ in man?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Balance (equilibrium) is mediated by the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear, including the semicircular canals and otolith organs (utricle and saccule), which detect angular and linear acceleration. The cochlea and organ of Corti are specialized for hearing (sound transduction), not balance. The eardrum (tympanic membrane) transmits sound vibrations to the ossicles and is not involved in equilibrium. Therefore, the vestibular region is the balancing organ.

Question 35

Hensen's cell is found in?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hensen cells are supporting cells of the organ of Corti in the cochlea. The organ of Corti is the sensory epithelium responsible for hearing and is located in the inner ear. Therefore, Hensen's cell is found in the ear, not in the eye or spleen.

Question 36

What is the membrane that separates the middle and outer ear?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The tympanic membrane (eardrum) forms the boundary between the external auditory canal (outer ear) and the middle ear cavity. It vibrates in response to sound waves and transmits mechanical energy to the ossicles. The oval and round windows separate the middle ear from the inner ear, while the basilar membrane is within the cochlea (inner ear) and is involved in sound frequency discrimination.

Question 37

Waldeyers ring is related to Tonsil than Quincy is related to?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Waldeyer’s ring refers to a ring of lymphoid tissue in the pharynx that includes the palatine tonsils, pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids), and lingual tonsils. Quinsy (often spelled quincy) is a peritonsillar abscess, which is a complication of tonsillitis. Therefore, the condition quinsy is primarily related to the tonsils (specifically the peritonsillar area). The other options (pharynx, larynx, lungs) are less specific to quinsy.

Question 38

Which of the following conditions can be treated with a nasal spray?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Allergic rhinitis is commonly treated with intranasal medications such as corticosteroid sprays (e.g., fluticasone) and antihistamine sprays, which directly reduce nasal mucosal inflammation and symptoms (sneezing, itching, congestion). Nasal delivery targets the affected tissues with minimal systemic exposure compared with oral therapy. Asthma is typically treated with inhalers into the lower airways, while hypertension and diabetes are primarily managed with systemic medications rather than standard nasal sprays.

Question 39

Triad symptoms of Meniere's disease except ...?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The classic triad of Ménière disease is episodic vertigo, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus (often with aural fullness). These symptoms result from endolymphatic hydrops affecting the inner ear. Cholesteatoma is a separate middle-ear condition (keratinizing epithelial growth) that can cause chronic otorrhea and conductive hearing loss, not the Ménière triad.

Question 40

Which organ is damaged by frequent loud noise?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Frequent loud noise primarily damages the ear, especially the cochlear hair cells in the inner ear. This leads to noise-induced hearing loss, often starting at high frequencies and potentially becoming permanent. Repeated exposure can also contribute to tinnitus and reduced speech discrimination. The eye is not affected by sound exposure in this way, and while noise can impact stress and cognition, the direct organ injury classically tested is the ear.

Question 41

The function of the eustachian tube is to?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: It connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx and opens intermittently (e.g., swallowing, yawning) to equalize air pressure across the tympanic membrane and allow drainage of secretions. Equal pressure is necessary for normal tympanic membrane vibration and to reduce risk of barotrauma. The other options describe functions of the auditory canal/tympanic membrane and ossicles (sound transmission/amplification) and the cochlea/hair cells (transduction to nerve impulses).

Question 42

Sensory hair cells are present in?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: In the organ of Corti within the cochlea, mechanosensory hair cells convert sound-induced vibration of the basilar membrane into electrical signals. Deflection of stereocilia opens mechanically gated ion channels, producing receptor potentials that drive neurotransmitter release onto auditory nerve fibers. This is the primary sensory transduction apparatus for hearing, unlike the retina (photoreceptors), skin (somatosensory endings), or nose (olfactory receptors).

Question 43

A newborn develops difficulty feeding and breathing after birth. A P/E reveals flattened nose and asymmetric nares. The most likely diagnosis is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Newborns are preferential nasal breathers, so nasal obstruction can quickly cause feeding difficulty and respiratory distress. A flattened nose with asymmetric nares after delivery is classic for birth-related nasal trauma causing septal cartilage displacement, which mechanically narrows one side. Choanal stenosis/atresia more often presents with cyclic cyanosis relieved by crying and is not characterized by external nasal asymmetry. Nasolacrimal duct cyst typically presents as a bluish medial canthal mass and nasal obstruction without a flattened, asymmetric external nose.

Question 44

Dentigerous cyst is suspected if the follicular space is more than?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: A dentigerous cyst is suggested radiographically when the pericoronal (follicular) space around an unerupted tooth exceeds the range expected for a normal dental follicle. A normal follicular space is typically only a few millimeters; once it is greater than about 5 mm, cystic change becomes more likely than a normal follicle. This cutoff is used to prompt further evaluation and correlation with clinical findings and imaging characteristics.

Question 45

The most common odontogenic cyst is: ________?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: It most often develops from epithelial rests in response to chronic periapical inflammation from a non-vital tooth, making it the most frequent odontogenic cyst encountered in practice. Dentigerous cysts are common but occur less often and are associated with the crowns of unerupted/impacted teeth. Primordial cyst is an older term largely replaced by odontogenic keratocyst classification and is not the most common. Mucocele is a mucus extravasation phenomenon of minor salivary glands, not an odontogenic cyst.

Question 46

Sensory hair cells are present in?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hair cells are mechanoreceptors located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea, where sound-induced vibrations are converted into neural signals carried by the auditory nerve. These specialized cells have stereocilia that bend with movement of the basilar and tectorial membranes, triggering transduction. Skin contains various tactile receptors but not inner-ear hair cells, the retina contains rods and cones, and the nose primarily uses olfactory receptor neurons.

Question 47

Bilateral abductor paralysis of laryngeal muscle cause?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Bilateral abductor (posterior cricoarytenoid) paralysis prevents vocal cords from abducting, leaving them near the midline and critically narrowing the glottic airway. This primarily produces inspiratory airway obstruction with high-pitched noisy breathing. Voice may be relatively preserved compared with unilateral paralysis, but the dangerous hallmark is respiratory compromise. Therefore the most characteristic finding is stridor.

Question 48

Specialized receptors that enable hearing are found in the ________?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The cochlea contains the organ of Corti, where hair cells (mechanoreceptors) transduce sound vibrations into nerve impulses carried by the cochlear nerve. Sound waves create fluid movement and basilar membrane displacement, bending stereocilia and generating receptor potentials. Semicircular canals are for balance (angular acceleration), the cornea is for vision, and the cerebellum coordinates movement rather than serving as the primary site of auditory receptors.

Question 49

Sensory receptors essential for balance are located in?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: These structures in the vestibular apparatus contain hair cells in the crista ampullaris that detect angular (rotational) acceleration of the head. Along with the otolith organs (utricle and saccule), they provide the key sensory input for equilibrium and spatial orientation. The cochlea primarily mediates hearing, the eardrum transmits sound vibrations, and eyes contribute to balance but are not the primary vestibular sensory receptors.

Question 50

Which of the following is the most common cause of epistaxis?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Most nosebleeds arise from the anterior nasal septum (Kiesselbach plexus), where vessels are superficial and easily disrupted. Minor trauma such as nose picking, forceful nose blowing, or direct impact commonly causes mucosal tears and bleeding. Hypertension is more associated with severity or persistence rather than being the most frequent primary trigger. Allergic rhinitis and infection can predispose via mucosal inflammation but are less common than direct trauma.

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How is sound measured?

Which is the largest paranasal air sinus?

What is the most common site of rhinorrhoea?

What instrument is used in the examination of the ear?

Which part of the ear is related to body balance?

What is the medical term for the voice box?

Which of the following is a repair of the tympanic membrane?

What is the sound tolerance extreme limit in decibels?

What is the primary sense organ used for hearing?

Which of the following is a speech disorder?

Number of bones in middle ear?

Auditory canal ends in?

In which sinus, carcinoma is mostly seen?

Infection of middle ear is called...?

Which organ is also known as Balancing organ?

Where is Malleus bone located in our body?

Headache due to sinusitis occurs mostly?

Posterior epistaxis is common in —?

Bleeding from the "Nose" is known as..........?

Infection of middle ear is called?

The parts of the ear include all the following but one?

Organ of voice is called _?

Total number of bones in the human ear is?

What is the most common cause of epistaxis in children?

Recurrent nosebleed in children may be due to —?

Smallest bone in human?

Otitis media is the inflammation of?

Bleeding in the Ear call?

Excessive watery discharge from the nose is__________?

Tinnitus is a condition of?

Otomycosis is infection of?

Otitis is related to?

Which sinus is most commonly affected by sinusitis?

Which of the following is a balancing organ in man?

Hensen's cell is found in?

What is the membrane that separates the middle and outer ear?

Waldeyers ring is related to Tonsil than Quincy is related to?

Which of the following conditions can be treated with a nasal spray?

Triad symptoms of Meniere's disease except ...?

Which organ is damaged by frequent loud noise?

The function of the eustachian tube is to?

Sensory hair cells are present in?

A newborn develops difficulty feeding and breathing after birth. A P/E reveals flattened nose and asymmetric nares. The most likely diagnosis is?

Dentigerous cyst is suspected if the follicular space is more than?

The most common odontogenic cyst is: ________?

Sensory hair cells are present in?

Bilateral abductor paralysis of laryngeal muscle cause?

Specialized receptors that enable hearing are found in the ________?

Sensory receptors essential for balance are located in?

Which of the following is the most common cause of epistaxis?

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