Question 1

Skin helps in to protect from pathogens and?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The skin not only protects the body from pathogens and physical injury but also contains sensory receptors that detect external stimuli such as touch, pressure, pain, and temperature. These receptors allow the body to respond appropriately to environmental changes.

Question 2

The dermis is the ______ layer of skin?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Skin proper has two layers: epidermis (superficial) and dermis (deeper). Thus the dermis is the deep layer beneath the epidermis.

Question 3

Skin consists of ______ rows of stacked squamous epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The epidermis’ stratum corneum typically has about 20–30 layers of flattened, keratinized squamous cells.

Question 4

Collagen Fibres in the skin that forms creases are also known as ____________?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Skin cleavage lines correspond to the orientation of dermal collagen fibers and are called Langer's lines.

Question 5

What causes pimples?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Acne (pimples) is primarily driven by hormonal changes—especially androgens—which increase sebum production and cause follicular plugging; hygiene and allergies are not primary causes, and bacteria are contributory rather than the initial cause.

Question 6

Which of the following is responsible for the regeneration of the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Epidermal regeneration is driven by mitotically active stem cells in the stratum basale (germinativum); the upper layers are differentiated and non-proliferative.

Question 7

Which factor primarily affects skin color?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Melanin produced by melanocytes is the primary determinant of baseline skin pigmentation. Hemoglobin and temperature can transiently influence skin hue, and hormones may modulate melanin, but they are not the primary factors.

Question 8

How many layers are in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The skin is commonly described as having three layers: the epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutaneous (hypodermis) layer.

Question 9

What is the outer protective cover of the body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Skin forms the body's outer protective covering; the skeleton is internal, and hair does not cover or protect the entire body.

Question 10

Which of the following is the largest organ in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The skin is the body's largest organ by surface area and weight, comprising about 16% of body mass.

Question 11

Which type of protein is found in hair and nails?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hair and nails are composed primarily of the fibrous structural protein keratin; collagen is connective tissue; hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood; and insulin is a hormone.

Question 12

Which degree of burn may involve eschar formation?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Eschar is characteristic of full-thickness burns; third-degree burns cause coagulation necrosis, producing a tough, leathery eschar.

Question 13

Which of the following is a structural fibrous protein found in the dermis?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Collagen is the main structural fibrous protein of the dermis; the others are a pigment (melanin), a lipid secretion (sebum), an anticoagulant (heparin), or a fat cell (lipocyte).

Question 14

In which layer of the skin are blood vessels found?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The epidermis is avascular; blood vessels are located in the dermis, which supplies nutrients to the epidermis via diffusion.

Question 15

What causes the black color of hair?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Black hair color is due to melanin synthesized from DOPA (dihydroxyphenylalanine) in melanocytes; dopamine and tryptophan are not responsible for hair pigmentation.

Question 16

The following are the primary skin lesions, except?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Macules, papules, and nodules are primary lesions; an ulcer is a secondary lesion resulting from the loss of the skin surface.

Question 17

The superficial part of the skin is called ____?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The most superficial layer of the skin is the epidermis; the dermis lies beneath it.

Question 18

The layer of skin that is composed of dense connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The dermis is primarily dense, irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers; the epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium.

Question 19

Eczema, known as?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Eczema is an inflammatory skin condition, also called dermatitis; dermis and epidermis are skin layers, not the disease.

Question 20

What is the largest organ in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The skin covers the entire body and is the largest organ by surface area and weight, larger than the liver or the heart.

Question 21

The protein present in hair is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hair shafts are composed primarily of the fibrous structural protein keratin. Myosin is a muscle protein, tropocollagen forms collagen in connective tissue, and elastin provides elasticity in tissues, not hair.

Question 22

The nurse is caring for a client with a basal cell epithelioma. The primary cause of basal cell epithelioma is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Basal cell carcinoma (epithelioma) is primarily caused by cumulative ultraviolet radiation exposure from sunlight.

Question 23

Which type of burn is painless?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Third-degree (full-thickness) burns destroy dermal nerve endings, so they are typically painless; first- and second-degree burns are painful.

Question 24

Common sites for Mongolian spots are?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Mongolian spots (congenital dermal melanocytosis) most commonly occur in the lumbosacral/buttock region; face, neck, and legs are uncommon sites.

Question 25

A client is being admitted to the hospital for treatment of acute cellulitis of the lower left leg. During the admission assessment, the nurse expects to note which finding?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Cellulitis is a diffuse bacterial infection of the deeper dermis and subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis). Epidermis-only disease is impetigo; superficial dermis and lymphatics describes erysipelas, typically due to Streptococcus.

Question 26

The protein present in hair is?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hair is composed primarily of the structural protein keratin; elastin is in elastic fibers, myosin is a muscle protein, and tropocollagen is the collagen subunit.

Question 27

White marks in finger nails is ....?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: White spots or streaks on nails are termed leukonychia; paronychia is an infection of the tissue around the nail fold, not a white mark on the nail plate.

Question 28

Blue-grey birthmark on the forehead and eye of a person indicate-?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Nevus of Ota is a dermal melanocytosis presenting as blue–gray hyperpigmentation over the forehead and periocular area with possible scleral involvement; the other options cause rashes or depigmented patches, not slate-blue birthmarks.

Question 29

What is the treatment of choice for pyogenic granuloma?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Pyogenic granuloma (lobular capillary hemangioma) is best managed by complete surgical excision/curettage with cauterization for definitive removal and hemostasis. Antibiotics are ineffective, and laser or cryotherapy are alternatives but not first-line.

Question 30

What give's the skin it's colour?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Melanin pigment produced by melanocytes determines skin color; keratin is a structural protein that provides strength, not pigmentation.

Question 31

Psoriasis affects mainly?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the skin, causing erythematous, scaly plaques due to keratinocyte hyperproliferation.

Question 32

What is the primary purpose of a split-thickness skin graft?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Split-thickness skin grafts include epidermis and part of dermis, can be meshed to expand, and are primarily used to cover extensive deep burns where large surface area coverage is needed.

Question 33

What is the condition called characterized by swelling and inflammation of the skin and underlying tissues?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues causing localized inflammation with redness, warmth, pain, and swelling. Edema is swelling without inflammation; pallor and clubbing are unrelated findings.

Question 34

Which is the deeply penetrating structure of skin?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Eccrine sweat glands extend deep into the dermis and may reach the subcutaneous tissue; sebaceous glands are more superficial, and fasciae are not skin structures.

Question 35

Layer of fat under mammalian skin acts as an?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Subcutaneous adipose tissue minimizes heat loss and serves as insulation. It is not primarily an electrical insulator, and protection from microbes is mainly provided by the skin barrier and immune defenses, not the fat layer.

Question 36

Which protein is present in hairs?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hair is composed primarily of the structural protein keratin; elastin is for elastic fibers, gliadin is a wheat protein, and actin is a muscle cytoskeletal protein.

Question 37

What tissue is damaged in a 1st degree burn?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: First-degree burns are superficial and involve only the epidermis; the dermis and deeper tissues are not damaged.

Question 38

Which of the following is the most severe type of burn?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Fourth-degree burns extend beyond the skin into deeper tissues such as muscle and bone, making them the most severe.

Question 39

What type of psoriasis is characterized by red, scaly plaques commonly found on the elbows, knees, and scalp?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Plaque psoriasis (psoriasis vulgaris) presents as well-demarcated erythematous, scaly plaques on extensor surfaces such as elbows and knees and on the scalp; not guttate, inverse, pustular, or erythrodermic types.

Question 40

What is the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from outer to inner side?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Epidermal layers from superficial to deep are stratum corneum, stratum lucidum (in thick skin), stratum granulosum, then the basal/germinativum layer.

Question 41

What is the largest organ of the human body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The skin is the body's largest organ by surface area and weight, covering the entire exterior and providing protection and regulation.

Question 42

What is the largest organ in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The skin is the body’s largest organ by surface area and weight, exceeding other organs like the liver or brain.

Question 43

What is the protective layer that covers the dermis called?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The outer protective layer of the skin that overlies the dermis is the epidermis.

Question 44

Which type of burn is painless?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Third-degree (full-thickness) burns destroy the dermis and nerve endings, so the injury itself is typically painless at the center, unlike first- or second-degree burns which are painful.

Question 45

Nails contain which protein?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Nails are composed of hard keratin. Fibrin and thrombin are clotting proteins, and myosin is a muscle contractile protein.

Question 46

Which burn degree does NOT involve damage to the underlying layers of skin?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: First-degree burns involve only the epidermis and do not damage underlying layers; deeper burns (second, third, fourth) involve dermis or deeper tissues.

Question 47

Which protein is present in hairs?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Hair shafts are composed primarily of hard alpha-keratin, the structural fibrous protein of hair, nails, and epidermis.

Question 48

Which organ continues to function after death?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Some skin and hair follicle cells can remain metabolically active briefly after death, whereas brain and heart activity cease rapidly.

Question 49

What is the largest organ in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: The skin is the body's largest organ by surface area and weight; the liver is the largest internal organ.

Question 50

Which type of burn typically results in significant pain?

Accepted Answer

Answer reason: Superficial (first-degree) and partial-thickness (second-degree) burns leave nerve endings intact and inflamed, causing significant pain; full-thickness (third-degree) burns destroy nerve endings and are often less painful.

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Skin helps in to protect from pathogens and?

The dermis is the ______ layer of skin?

Skin consists of ______ rows of stacked squamous epithelial cells?

Collagen Fibres in the skin that forms creases are also known as ____________?

What causes pimples?

Which of the following is responsible for the regeneration of the epidermis?

Which factor primarily affects skin color?

How many layers are in the skin?

What is the outer protective cover of the body?

Which of the following is the largest organ in the human body?

Which type of protein is found in hair and nails?

Which degree of burn may involve eschar formation?

Which of the following is a structural fibrous protein found in the dermis?

In which layer of the skin are blood vessels found?

What causes the black color of hair?

The following are the primary skin lesions, except?

The superficial part of the skin is called ____?

The layer of skin that is composed of dense connective tissue?

Eczema, known as?

What is the largest organ in the human body?

The protein present in hair is?

The nurse is caring for a client with a basal cell epithelioma. The primary cause of basal cell epithelioma is?

Which type of burn is painless?

Common sites for Mongolian spots are?

A client is being admitted to the hospital for treatment of acute cellulitis of the lower left leg. During the admission assessment, the nurse expects to note which finding?

The protein present in hair is?

White marks in finger nails is ....?

Blue-grey birthmark on the forehead and eye of a person indicate-?

What is the treatment of choice for pyogenic granuloma?

What give's the skin it's colour?

Psoriasis affects mainly?

What is the primary purpose of a split-thickness skin graft?

What is the condition called characterized by swelling and inflammation of the skin and underlying tissues?

Which is the deeply penetrating structure of skin?

Layer of fat under mammalian skin acts as an?

Which protein is present in hairs?

What tissue is damaged in a 1st degree burn?

Which of the following is the most severe type of burn?

What type of psoriasis is characterized by red, scaly plaques commonly found on the elbows, knees, and scalp?

What is the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from outer to inner side?

What is the largest organ of the human body?

What is the largest organ in the human body?

What is the protective layer that covers the dermis called?

Which type of burn is painless?

Nails contain which protein?

Which burn degree does NOT involve damage to the underlying layers of skin?

Which protein is present in hairs?

Which organ continues to function after death?

What is the largest organ in the human body?

Which type of burn typically results in significant pain?

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