Integumentary System Practice Test 3
Integumentary System NCLEX Practice Test
Integumentary System is a key topic within the NCLEX test plan, located under Nursing Science → Clinical Foundations → Integumentary System. This section teaches skin assessment, wound care, and pressure injury prevention strategies. Each test contains 50 questions designed to mirror the difficulty and variety of the real exam.
This is the 3rd part of the Integumentary System series. To explore all practice tests under this topic, use the “Back to Main Topic” button at the end of the page.
Continue Learning
In the Integumentary System Study Cards section, shared by real NCLEX candidates, you’ll find concise summaries and high-yield insights related to the most tested concepts. It’s a perfect space to reinforce challenging topics and sharpen your recall through quick, focused repetitions. Short, powerful, and repeatable!
Integumentary System Practice Test 3
Pigment produced by melanocytes?
- Melatonin
- Melanin
Explanation: Answer reason: Melanocytes are specialized epidermal cells that synthesize the pigment melanin within melanosomes. Melanin is transferred to keratinocytes and contributes to skin, hair, and eye color and provides protection from ultraviolet radiation. Melatonin, in contrast, is a hormone produced primarily by the pineal gland and is involved in circadian rhythm regulation. Category reason: The question tests basic knowledge of which pigment is produced by melanocytes in the skin, which is a core concept of the integumentary system.
Largest organ in human body:
- Skin.
- Liver.
- Heart
- Stomach
Explanation: Answer reason: The skin is the largest organ of the human body by surface area and overall mass. It provides critical functions including barrier protection, thermoregulation, sensation, and vitamin D synthesis. While the liver is the largest internal organ, the question asks for the largest organ overall, making skin the best answer. Category reason: This question tests basic knowledge of the body’s largest organ, which is a core concept of the integumentary system rather than a nursing intervention or clinical decision.
Which protein are nails made of?
- Collagen
- Elastin
- Keratin
- Actin
Explanation: Answer reason: Nails are composed primarily of hard keratin, a tough, fibrous structural protein produced by keratinocytes in the nail matrix. This keratin is densely packed and highly cross-linked, which gives nails their rigidity and protective function. Collagen and elastin are connective-tissue proteins found in dermis and other tissues but are not the main structural protein of the nail plate. Actin is a cellular contractile protein and is not the primary structural component of nails. Category reason: This question tests foundational knowledge of the composition of nails and skin appendages, which is part of the Integumentary System.
The outer layer of skin is the?
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Subcutaneous
- Stratum basale
Explanation: Answer reason: The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and serves as the primary protective barrier against environmental injury and water loss. The dermis lies beneath it and contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. The subcutaneous (hypodermis) is deeper still and is primarily adipose and connective tissue. Stratum basale is a layer within the epidermis, not the overall outer skin layer. Category reason: This question tests basic structural anatomy of the skin layers, which is core content of the Integumentary System within Nursing Science rather than a nursing care/action decision.
What is the largest organ of human body?
- Liver
- Intestine
- Skin
- Thigh
Explanation: Answer reason: The skin is the largest organ of the human body when measured by surface area and overall weight. It provides critical functions including barrier protection, thermoregulation, sensation, and vitamin D synthesis. The liver is the largest internal organ, but it is not the largest overall. Intestine and thigh are not classified as a single organ in this context. Category reason: This question tests foundational knowledge of body organs and their classification, specifically identifying the skin as part of the integumentary system rather than a nursing intervention or clinical decision.
Skin is an example of?
- Gland
- Organ
- Tissue
- Cell
Explanation: Answer reason: Skin is considered an organ because it is made up of multiple tissue types working together (epidermis and dermis with associated nerves, blood vessels, and glands). It performs coordinated functions such as protection, thermoregulation, sensation, and vitamin D synthesis. A gland is only a component within skin, while “tissue” and “cell” represent lower levels of biological organization than the skin as a whole. Category reason: This question tests basic structure and classification of the skin within the integumentary system (organ vs tissue/cell), which is foundational anatomy/physiology content rather than a nursing intervention scenario.
Spoon shaped nail is called.........?
- Paronychia
- Clubbing
- Koilonychias
- Onychomycosis
Explanation: Answer reason: Spoon-shaped nails are termed koilonychia, characterized by a concave nail plate that can hold a drop of water. It is classically associated with iron-deficiency anemia, though it can also be seen with other conditions (e.g., trauma or endocrine disorders). Paronychia is infection/inflammation around the nail fold, clubbing is bulbous enlargement with increased nail curvature, and onychomycosis is fungal nail infection causing thickened, discolored nails. Category reason: The item tests recognition of a nail morphology term (koilonychia) and its physical finding classification, which is part of integumentary system assessment and terminology rather than a nursing intervention decision.
. what is the largest organ Of the body is called?
- Skin
- Liver
- Parathyroid
Explanation: Answer reason: The skin is the largest organ of the body by surface area and overall weight. It functions as a protective barrier, helps regulate temperature, provides sensation, and supports vitamin D synthesis. The liver is the largest internal organ, but not the largest organ overall. The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands and are not comparable in size. Category reason: This question tests identification of the body's largest organ, which is a foundational concept about the integumentary system (skin structure and function).
Most common nail problem is?
- Paronychia
- Tenia Ungium
- Koilonychias
- Otomycosis
Explanation: Answer reason: The most common nail disorder overall is fungal infection of the nail (onychomycosis), commonly referred to as tinea unguium. It is more prevalent than inflammatory nail-fold infections such as paronychia and much more common than koilonychia (a sign often linked to iron deficiency). Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal, not a nail condition, making it incorrect for this question. Category reason: This item tests recognition of a common disease affecting nails/skin appendages (onychomycosis), which is a foundational integumentary-system topic rather than a nursing intervention or prioritization scenario.
The sweat glands help in:
- Breathing
- Cooling
- Digestion
- Vision
Explanation: Answer reason: Sweat glands (especially eccrine glands) secrete sweat onto the skin surface, and evaporation of this sweat removes heat from the body. This is a primary thermoregulation mechanism that helps maintain a stable core temperature. The other options (breathing, digestion, vision) are functions of different organ systems and are not roles of sweat glands. Category reason: This question tests the function of sweat glands in thermoregulation, which is a key topic within the integumentary system.
The epidermis is the outer layer of what human organ?
- Heart
- Skin
- Kidneys
- Lungs
Explanation: Answer reason: The epidermis is the most superficial layer of the skin and forms the body’s primary physical barrier. It is composed mainly of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, which helps prevent water loss and protects against pathogens and environmental injury. Other listed organs do not have an epidermal layer; they have different tissue coverings (e.g., serosa, mucosa, capsules). Category reason: This question tests foundational knowledge of skin structure (epidermis as a layer of the integument), which is an Integumentary System anatomy/physiology concept rather than a nursing intervention or clinical judgment task.
Largest organ in the human body is..?
- Brain
- Skin
- Heart
- Lungs
Explanation: Answer reason: The skin is the largest organ of the human body by surface area and overall weight, accounting for roughly 15% of body weight in adults. It functions as a protective barrier, helps regulate temperature, and provides sensory input. While internal organs like the liver are largest internally, among the listed choices the correct answer is skin. Category reason: This is a foundational anatomy/physiology question about the body’s organ systems, specifically identifying the largest organ of the integumentary system.
Which of the following is the outermost layer of the skin?
- Dermis
- Epidermis
- Hypodermis
- Subcutaneous tissue
Explanation: Answer reason: The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and serves as the primary protective barrier against environmental injury, pathogens, and water loss. Beneath it lies the dermis, which contains connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and appendages. The hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue) is deeper and is not part of the skin proper, functioning mainly in insulation and energy storage. Category reason: This question tests foundational knowledge of skin structure and layers, which falls under the Integumentary System rather than nursing decision-making or patient-care interventions.
What is the most Common skin condition affecting people worldwide?
- Acne vulgaris
- Psoriasis
- Atopic dermatitis
- Melasma
Explanation: Answer reason: Acne vulgaris is widely recognized as the most prevalent skin disorder globally, especially affecting adolescents and young adults, though it can occur at any age. It results from follicular plugging, increased sebum production, Cutibacterium acnes proliferation, and inflammation. Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are common but have lower overall prevalence than acne. Melasma is a frequent hyperpigmentation condition but is not the most common skin disease worldwide. Category reason: The question tests epidemiologic/clinical knowledge of common dermatologic diseases rather than nursing interventions or patient-care prioritization, so it fits foundational science within the Integumentary System.
Who treats skin problems?
- Neurologist
- Cardiologist
- Dermatologist
- Psychiatrist
Explanation: Answer reason: Skin problems involve disorders of the integumentary system, including conditions such as rashes, eczema, acne, infections, and skin cancers. A dermatologist is the medical specialist trained to diagnose and treat diseases of the skin, hair, and nails. In contrast, neurologists manage nervous system disorders, cardiologists manage heart diseases, and psychiatrists manage mental health disorders. Category reason: This item tests identification of the medical specialist responsible for conditions of the skin, which is a core concept of the Integumentary System rather than a nursing intervention or prioritization scenario.
Prayer bump is a?
- Callus
- Blister
- Dermatitis
- Corn
Explanation: Answer reason: Callus A “prayer bump” is a localized area of hyperkeratosis caused by repetitive friction/pressure, classically from kneeling during prayer. This repeated mechanical stress leads to thickened skin (a callus) rather than a fluid-filled lesion. Blisters contain serous fluid, dermatitis is inflammatory rash, and corns are more focal keratoses usually over pressure points (often toes) with a central core. Category reason: This item tests recognition of a skin lesion type (hyperkeratosis from chronic friction), which is core to the Integumentary System rather than nursing management decisions.
Largest organ of the human body is?
- Heart
- Skin
- Liver
- Brain
Explanation: Answer reason: Skin The skin is the largest organ of the human body by surface area and overall mass. It provides a protective barrier, helps regulate temperature via sweating and blood flow changes, and contributes to sensation and immune defense. While the liver is the largest internal organ, the question asks for the largest organ overall, which is skin. Category reason: This is a foundational anatomy/physiology question about the body’s integument and organ size, which falls under the Integumentary System.
What gives skin its color?
- Collagen
- Melanin
- Hemoglobin
Explanation: Answer reason: Melanin Melanin is the primary pigment produced by melanocytes in the epidermis and is the main determinant of skin color. Variations in melanin amount and distribution lead to differences in skin tone and tanning response. Hemoglobin can contribute to a pink/red hue (especially in lighter skin) and carotene to a yellowish tone, but they are secondary compared with melanin. Collagen affects skin structure and elasticity, not pigmentation. Category reason: This question tests the pigment responsible for skin coloration, which is a core concept of the integumentary system and foundational anatomy/physiology rather than a nursing intervention scenario.
Which organ helps regulate body temperature and acts as a protective barrier?
- Skin
- Liver
- Heart
- Kidneys
Explanation: Answer reason: A) Skin The skin is the body’s primary protective barrier against mechanical injury, pathogens, and fluid loss. It also regulates temperature through sweating and by controlling blood flow to the dermis (vasodilation/vasoconstriction). The liver, heart, and kidneys have vital metabolic, circulatory, and excretory roles but do not serve as the body’s external barrier for thermoregulation. Category reason: This tests foundational knowledge of the organ system responsible for barrier protection and thermoregulation, which is core to the Integumentary System.
Which part of the body has the most sweat glands?
- Back
- Feet
- Forehead
- Palms
Explanation: Answer reason: D. Palms Eccrine sweat glands are most densely distributed on glabrous skin, especially the palms (and soles). This high density supports grip and contributes to sympathetic “emotional sweating.” While the forehead and back can sweat heavily, their gland density is lower than on the palms. Therefore, the palms have the most sweat glands among the listed options. Category reason: This question tests knowledge of sweat gland distribution in the skin, which is a core topic within the Integumentary System rather than a nursing intervention or safety judgment.
What forms fingerprints?
- Skin ridges
- Muscle
- Bone
Explanation: Answer reason: Skin ridges Fingerprints are formed by friction ridges (epidermal ridges) on the skin of the fingertips. These ridges create the unique patterns seen in fingerprints and are determined during fetal development. Muscle and bone contribute to finger movement and structure but do not create the surface ridge patterns. Category reason: This question tests knowledge of the skin’s structure (friction/epidermal ridges) and how it forms fingerprint patterns, which belongs to the Integumentary System.
The main structural protein found in skin, hair, and nails is?
- Elastin
- Collagen
- Keratin
- Actin
Explanation: Answer reason: Keratin Keratin is the primary structural protein of the epidermis (especially the stratum corneum) and is the main component of hair shafts and nails. It provides toughness and water-resistance through keratinocyte differentiation and cross-linking. Collagen and elastin are key structural proteins of the dermis and connective tissues but are not the main proteins of hair and nails. Actin is a cytoskeletal protein present in many cells and is not the defining structural protein of these integumentary appendages. Category reason: This tests foundational knowledge of the integumentary system’s major structural proteins (epidermis, hair, nails), which is biomedical science content rather than nursing decision-making.
Inflammation of tissue surrounding the nail is known as?
- Onycholysis
- Paronychia
- Clubbing
- Koilonychia
Explanation: Answer reason: This term specifically refers to infection/inflammation of the periungual tissues (the nail folds) surrounding the nail plate, often due to bacterial entry after minor trauma. Onycholysis is separation of the nail plate from the nail bed rather than inflammation around it. Clubbing describes bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges typically linked to chronic hypoxia, and koilonychia is spoon-shaped nails often associated with iron deficiency. Category reason: This is a terminology-based question about nail and surrounding skin conditions, which falls under disorders and findings of the integumentary system rather than nursing interventions or prioritization.
Which of the following is the outermost layer of the skin?
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Hypodermis
- Subcutis
Explanation: Answer reason: The skin is organized into three primary layers: epidermis (outer), dermis (middle), and hypodermis/subcutaneous tissue (deep). The epidermis consists of stratified squamous epithelium and provides the main barrier against water loss, pathogens, and environmental injury. The dermis contains connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and adnexal structures, while the hypodermis (also called subcutis) is primarily adipose and areolar tissue for insulation and cushioning. Category reason: This is a foundational question about the anatomical organization of the skin, which is core content within the Integumentary System rather than a nursing intervention or clinical judgment scenario.
Eczema is a?
- Bacterial infection.
- Viral illness.
- Chronic inflammatory skin condition
- Parasitic infestation
Explanation: Answer reason: Eczema (most commonly atopic dermatitis) is an inflammatory dermatosis characterized by pruritus, xerosis, and eczematous lesions, often with a chronic-relapsing course. It is driven by skin barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation and may be associated with allergic conditions (e.g., asthma, allergic rhinitis). While secondary bacterial infection can occur from excoriation, the primary disorder is not an infectious bacterial, viral, or parasitic process. Category reason: The question asks for the definition/nature of eczema as a disease entity affecting the skin rather than a nursing intervention or prioritization decision, placing it in foundational biomedical knowledge of the skin system.
Question 1089: Bullae are?
- Pus-filled
- Clear fluid-filled & >10 mm
- Flat red marks
- Caused by viral infections only
Explanation: Answer reason: Bullae are large, circumscribed, fluid-filled blisters containing clear (serous) fluid and are defined by a size greater than 10 mm. Smaller clear fluid-filled lesions are termed vesicles, while pus-filled lesions are pustules. They can occur in multiple conditions (e.g., burns, friction, autoimmune blistering diseases), so they are not limited to viral infections. “Flat red marks” describes macules/patches rather than bullae. Category reason: This item tests the definition and classification of primary skin lesions (vesicle vs bulla vs pustule), which is foundational integumentary/dermatology knowledge rather than a nursing intervention or prioritization scenario.
Acne is a disease of ____?
- Skin
- Bones
- Eyes
- Ears
Explanation: Answer reason: Acne is an inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit (hair follicle and sebaceous gland) located in the integumentary system. It develops due to follicular plugging, increased sebum production, Cutibacterium acnes proliferation, and inflammation. Therefore it is categorized as a skin condition rather than a disease of bones, eyes, or ears. Category reason: This question tests basic identification of the body system and structure involved in acne, which is an integumentary (skin) disorder rather than a nursing intervention or care-priority scenario.
The outermost layer of hair is called?
- Cortex
- Medulla
- Cuticle
- Bulb
Explanation: Answer reason: Hair shaft anatomy consists of an outer cuticle, a middle cortex, and (often) an inner medulla. The cuticle is made of overlapping keratinized cells that protect the inner layers and influence hair shine and texture. The cortex contains most of the pigment and contributes to hair strength. The bulb refers to the enlarged base within the follicle rather than a shaft layer. Category reason: This is a foundational question about the structure of hair, which is part of the integumentary system rather than a nursing intervention or clinical decision-making scenario.
Which lesion extends into dermis or subcutaneous tissue?
- Macule
- Papule
- Nodule
- Pustule
Explanation: Answer reason: A nodule is a solid, palpable lesion that is larger and deeper than a papule and characteristically extends into the dermis and may involve subcutaneous tissue. In contrast, a macule is flat and confined to epidermal color change, and a papule is superficial and typically limited to epidermis/upper dermis. A pustule is a superficial, pus-filled lesion rather than a deep dermal/subcutaneous mass. Category reason: This item tests recognition of primary skin lesion morphology and the depth of involvement (epidermis vs dermis/subcutis), which is core content of the Integumentary System in nursing science.
Flat, non-palpable skin lesions under 10 mm are called?
- Papules
- Nodules
- Macules
- Bullae
Explanation: Answer reason: These are circumscribed areas of color change that are not raised or depressed, so they are non-palpable. Lesions <1 cm (10 mm) in this category are termed macules; larger ones are patches. Papules and nodules are palpable (raised) lesions, while bullae are fluid-filled blisters >1 cm. Category reason: This is testing dermatologic morphology/terminology of primary skin lesions, which is foundational knowledge of the skin and therefore fits the Integumentary System in NursingScience.
Which of the following layers of the skin contains blood vessels and provides nutrients to the epidermis?
- Stratum corneum
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Hypodermis
Explanation: Answer reason: The epidermis is avascular, so it relies on diffusion of oxygen and nutrients from the capillary networks located in the dermis. The dermis contains connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and skin appendages that support and nourish the overlying epidermal layers. The hypodermis has larger vessels and fat for insulation and energy storage but is not the primary layer supplying the epidermis. Category reason: This is a foundational question about skin layer structure and which skin layer contains blood vessels, which is primarily covered under the Integumentary System.
The thin outer layer of the skin is _?
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Outer skin
Explanation: Answer reason: It is the most superficial layer of the skin and is relatively thin compared with deeper layers. This layer provides the primary barrier function against water loss and environmental pathogens. The dermis lies underneath and contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue, making it thicker and supportive rather than the outermost layer. Category reason: This question tests identification of a skin layer and basic structure of the integument, which is foundational biomedical knowledge within the Integumentary System.
Which pigment gives skin its color?
- Melanin
- Collagen
- Keratin
Explanation: Answer reason: Melanin is produced by melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis and packaged into melanosomes that are transferred to keratinocytes. The amount and type of melanin (eumelanin vs pheomelanin), rather than the number of melanocytes, largely determines skin and hair color variation. Collagen is a structural dermal protein contributing to skin strength, and keratin is a structural epidermal protein contributing to barrier function, not pigment. Category reason: This question tests a foundational concept about skin pigmentation and the primary pigment responsible for skin color, which is part of the Integumentary System.
Production of sweat and sebum is related with?
- Liver
- Lung
- Heart
- Skin
Explanation: Answer reason: Sweat is produced by eccrine and apocrine sweat glands, which are appendages located in the dermis of the integumentary system. Sebum is produced by sebaceous glands, typically associated with hair follicles in the skin. These secretions support thermoregulation, lubrication, and barrier protection, making the skin the key organ involved. Category reason: This question tests which body system contains the glands responsible for sweat and sebum production, which is core content of the integumentary system.
Which condition is characterized by absence of melanin with normal melanocyte count?
- Vitiligo
- Albinism
- Piebaldism
- Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation
Explanation: Answer reason: This results from decreased melanin production or impaired melanin transfer after skin inflammation, while melanocytes remain present in normal numbers. In contrast, vitiligo and piebaldism are characterized by loss or absence of melanocytes in the affected areas. Albinism involves a global defect in melanin synthesis (often tyrosinase-related) rather than a localized post-inflammatory process. Category reason: This is a foundational skin-pigmentation question focusing on melanocytes and melanin production, which is best categorized under the Integumentary System.
Epidermis is the layer of......?
- Heart
- Skin
- Uterus
Explanation: Answer reason: The epidermis is the most superficial layer of the integumentary system and forms the outer protective barrier of the body. It is composed of stratified squamous epithelium and lacks blood vessels, receiving nutrients by diffusion from the dermis. Its key functions include protection from pathogens, prevention of water loss, and contribution to thermoregulation and sensation via associated structures. Category reason: This question tests basic knowledge of the body’s outer covering and its layers, which falls under the Integumentary System in foundational nursing science.
Sign of first-degree burn is=?
- Blister
- Redness skin
- Oozing surface
- Pallor
Explanation: Answer reason: First-degree burns are superficial injuries limited to the epidermis, producing erythema due to capillary dilation and an intact skin barrier. They are typically painful and dry, without blistering because the dermal-epidermal junction remains intact. Blisters and oozing suggest deeper partial-thickness injury, while pallor is more consistent with poor perfusion or full-thickness damage rather than a superficial burn. Category reason: This tests recognition of clinical features of burn depth in the skin, which is primarily an integumentary (skin) concept rather than a nursing intervention/prioritization scenario.
Most common type of skin cancer?
- Malignant melanoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Basal cells carcinoma
- Itching
Explanation: Answer reason: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer overall, arising from basal keratinocytes and strongly associated with chronic UV exposure. Squamous cell carcinoma is also common but occurs less frequently than basal cell carcinoma. Malignant melanoma is less common than both but has a higher metastatic potential and mortality. “Itching” is a symptom, not a cancer diagnosis.
What is eczema?
- An inflammatory skin condition
- A type of seaweed
- Loss of memory
- A stomach disorder
Explanation: Answer reason: This definition directly matches an inflammatory process localized to the integumentary system rather than a gastrointestinal, neurologic, or botanical concept. It commonly has relapsing flares and can be associated with atopy and environmental triggers. The other choices describe unrelated entities and do not align with the clinical meaning of dermatitis.
Most common site for Atopic Dermititis is ?
- Scalp
- Trunck
- Popliteal Fossa
- Knees
Explanation: Answer reason: In older children and adults, the most typical distribution is the antecubital and popliteal fossae rather than extensor areas. This makes the popliteal fossa the best single site among the options. Knees are more typical for extensor-predominant conditions like psoriasis, and scalp/trunk are less characteristic as the most common site in this context.
Dark skinned people are more likely to develop.....?
- Keloids
- Crust
- Melanoma
- Skin cancer
Explanation: Answer reason: They occur more frequently in people with darker skin pigmentation and often follow piercings, acne, surgery, or minor trauma. In contrast, overall UV-related nonmelanoma skin cancers are less common in darker skin because melanin provides photoprotection. While melanoma can occur in darker skin (often acral lentiginous type), it is not more common than in lighter skin, making it a weaker choice than keloids.
The ABCD method offers one way to assess skin lesions for possible skin cancer. What does the A stand for?
- Actinic
- Asymmetry
- Arcus
- Assessment
Explanation: Answer reason: “A” refers to asymmetry, meaning one half of the lesion does not match the other half in shape or thickness, which reflects disordered growth patterns. This finding increases concern when combined with irregular borders, color variegation, and larger diameter or evolving features. By contrast, terms like actinic describe sun-related damage but are not part of the ABCD mnemonic used for melanoma risk assessment.
Which of the following is another name for blackheads associated with acne?
- Pustules
- Sebaceous
- Eccrine
- Comedones
Explanation: Answer reason: This directly matches the term used for blackheads (open comedones) and whiteheads (closed comedones). Pustules are inflammatory, pus-filled lesions rather than noninflammatory plugged follicles. “Sebaceous” and “eccrine” describe gland types, not the lesion name.
A client is diagnosed with a fungal infection of the scalp. The nurse would document this as?
- Tinea capitis.
- Tinea corporis.
- Tinea cruris.
- Tinea pedis.
Explanation: Answer reason: Dermatophyte (tinea) infections are named by the body site involved. Infection of the scalp and hair shafts is termed capitis. Corporis refers to trunk/limbs, cruris refers to groin (“jock itch”), and pedis refers to feet (“athlete’s foot”). Therefore the correct documentation for a fungal infection of the scalp is the capitis form.
Which term describes a fungal infection found on the upper arm?
- Tinea capitis
- Tinea corporis
- Tinea cruris
- Tinea pedis
Explanation: Answer reason: Infection on the trunk and extremities (including the arm) is classified as corporis (ringworm of the body). In contrast, capitis refers to the scalp, cruris to the groin, and pedis to the feet. Therefore the most accurate term for a fungal infection on the upper arm is the one for body skin involvement.
Several skin conditions that are of most importance in African-American clients include?
- Cardiomyopathy.
- Diverticulosis.
- Keloids.
- Sarcoidosis.
Explanation: Answer reason: Individuals with darker skin tones have an increased propensity for exuberant fibroblast activity and collagen deposition after skin injury, leading to hypertrophic scarring and keloid formation. This makes prevention and early management (e.g., minimizing unnecessary skin trauma, careful wound care, and appropriate scar therapies) particularly important in African-American clients. The other options are not primarily skin conditions; cardiomyopathy and diverticulosis are cardiac and gastrointestinal disorders, respectively. Sarcoidosis can have skin manifestations, but the condition itself is systemic and is not the classic high-yield skin condition emphasized as most common/important for this population compared with keloids.
The client has experienced a bite from a dog. The nurse documents this in the client's record as which type of injury?
- Abrasion
- Crush injury
- Fracture
- Puncture wound
Explanation: Answer reason: This classification matters because puncture injuries inoculate bacteria deeper into tissue, raising infection risk and guiding cleaning, prophylaxis, and monitoring. An abrasion is a superficial scrape and does not capture the depth typical of a bite. Crush injury and fracture are possible complications in severe attacks but are not the standard injury type being documented from a bite itself.
A client has rough papules on the soles of his feet that are sometimes painful when he walks. The nurse suspects that the client has?
- Filiform warts.
- Flat warts.
- Plantar warts.
- Venereal warts.
Explanation: Answer reason: Painful, rough papules on the soles that worsen with walking most strongly indicate a wart type adapted to weight-bearing skin. Human papillomavirus can cause endophytic lesions on the plantar surface that are often tender due to pressure and can be mistaken for calluses. Filiform warts are typically threadlike projections on the face/neck, and flat warts are smooth, slightly elevated lesions commonly on the face or extremities. Venereal warts occur on anogenital mucosa/skin rather than the plantar surface.
A teenager tells the nurse that he has heard many myths about what causes acne and asks the nurse what the real cause is. The nurse explains that acne is caused by?
- Diet.
- Gender.
- Poor hygiene.
- Hormonal changes.
Explanation: Answer reason: Acne pathogenesis is primarily driven by androgen-mediated increases in sebum production with follicular hyperkeratinization, promoting comedone formation and inflammation. During adolescence, hormonal shifts increase androgens that enlarge sebaceous glands and raise sebum output, which is the central physiologic trigger. Poor hygiene does not cause acne; excessive washing can actually irritate skin and worsen inflammation. Diet and gender may influence severity in some individuals, but they are not the fundamental cause being tested.
An adolescent says his feet itch, sweat a lot, and have a foul odor. The nurse suspects which condition?
- Candidiasis
- Tinea corporis
- Tinea pedis
- Molluscum contagiosum
Explanation: Answer reason: This condition commonly presents with itching, scaling/maceration between toes, and odor from moist skin and secondary bacterial overgrowth. Ringworm of the body would primarily cause annular lesions on the trunk or extremities rather than a foot-focused syndrome. Candidiasis more often affects moist skin folds or mucous membranes, and molluscum causes umbilicated papules rather than odor and sweating.
Think you’re ready for the NCLEX?
Run through a full 150-question exam just like the real thing. You’ll hit the 85-question checkpoint and get a clear report showing where you stand.
